Commandments · Negative commandments

A nazirite shall not eat grape seeds

#43 Negative commandment Numbers 6:4

The cited verse

The Hebrew (Masoretic Text)

מֵחַרְצַנִּים וְעַד־זָג לֹא יֹאכֵל

In Maimonides’ words

How Maimonides defines this commandment in his Sefer HaMitzvot — his own words, shown as a primary source.

הזהיר הנזיר מאכול חרצנים. והוא אמרו מחרצנים וגו'. ואם אכל כזית מהם לוקה. (שם, שם):

He prohibited the nazirite from eating grape seeds. And that is His saying, "from seeds, etc." (Numbers 6:4). And if he ate a kazayit of them, he is lashed. (See Parashat Nasso; Mishneh Torah, Nazariteship 1.)

Hebrew: Sefer HaMitzvot, Warsaw 1883 (public domain). English: Sefaria Edition, trans. Rabbi Francis Nataf, 2021 (CC0). Via Sefaria; translator’s footnotes omitted.

Literary form: a prohibition

Applicability

How the catalog describes where and when this commandment applies. These are independent descriptions, not a verdict on which laws still count.

  • Recorded as practiced today

Classical halakhic consequences

The consequences the classical halakhah attaches to this commandment, grouped by who imposes them. Where a category has none recorded, that absence is itself meaningful.

Imposed by a court

  • Lashes (malkot)

At the hands of Heaven

No divinely-imposed consequence is recorded.

Ritual remedy

No ritual remedy is recorded.

How the streams of Judaism treat this commandment

The streams of Judaism read the same commandment differently — an ongoing plurality, not a ranking. Each position below is reported as the catalog records it; none is presented as the correct one.

  • Orthodox Binding
  • Conservative Binding
  • Reform Not binding
  • Reconstructionist Not binding
  • Karaite Disputed

24 of 613 commandments have been examined in depth so far — this one is queued.

How later traditions received this commandment

How later traditions read or reworked this commandment, each attributed to its own voice. The catalog’s own classification of each reception is shown as it records it, never adopted as GEBible’s.

Rabbinic aggadah

  • Numbers Rabbah 10:7 expanded it homiletically

Philo of Alexandria

  • De Specialibus Legibus 1.247-254 read it allegorically Philo treats the nazirite (the 'Great Vow') within the laws of sanctity and votive offering, giving the abstentions an ethical-allegorical sense

Josephus

  • Ant. 4.72 affirmed it Josephus' treatment of the nazirite vow and its abstentions; reference flagged for verification against the Antiquities Book 4 nazirite material, as the section number may require adjustment to the precise nazirite passage

The New Testament

  • Acts 21:23-26 affirmed it Paul finances four men under a nazirite vow at the Temple, presupposing the operative force of the nazirite restrictions

Where this commandment meets modern human-rights frameworks

One modern normative lens, attributed to it — not GEBible’s assessment. Each row names the framework it measures against and the catalog’s own classification of the relation.

This framework catalogues tensions; it records agreement in only one of its entries. The near-total tension rate is the shape of the instrument, not a finding.

  • general principle

    This framework classifies the relation as a direct contradiction.

    Maimonides (Hilkhot Nezirut 5:2) codifies lashes for consuming a ke-zayit of grape seeds while under a nazirite vow; modern proportionality principles preclude corporal punishment for ingesting a substance that is neither intoxicating nor harmful, even within a voluntarily assumed framework of obligation.

  • general principle

    This framework classifies the relation as an incompatible method.

    Post-Enlightenment penal codes do not recognize breach of a religious dietary vow as a criminal offense, and flogging is not a permissible sanction in contemporary secular legal systems for any dietary infraction.

  • rabbinic tradition

    This framework classifies the relation as abrogated in practice.

    Rabbinic tradition holds that corporal jurisdiction lapsed with the dissolution of the Sanhedrin in the Second Temple era; the malkot sanction for nazirite violations is de jure but not de facto enforced.

Source & licence

The commentary, cross-references, reception, and modern-conflict analysis in this section are drawn from a public compilation of the 613 commandments, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. The cited biblical text is rendered from GEBible’s own public-domain reading corpus. CC BY-SA 4.0 (opens in a new tab). GEBible’s presentation of this material is offered under the same CC BY-SA 4.0 terms.