Therefore you shall sanctify him, for he offers the bread of your God. He shall be holy to you, for I Yahweh, who sanctify you, am holy.
To honor and show respect to the priests
The cited verse
The Hebrew (Masoretic Text)
וְקִדַּשְׁתּוֹ כִּי־אֶת־לֶחֶם אֱלֹהֶיךָ הוּא מַקְרִיב קָדֹשׁ יִהְיֶה־לָּךְ כִּי קָדוֹשׁ אֲנִי יְהוָה מְקַדִּשְׁכֶם
In Maimonides’ words
How Maimonides defines this commandment in his Sefer HaMitzvot — his own words, shown as a primary source.
היא שצונו לכבד זרע אהרן לפארם ולנשאם ושנשים מדרגתם מדרגה קודמת וראשונה ואפילו ימאנו לא נשמע מהם, זה כלו הגדלה לאל יתעלה אחר שהוא לקחם ובחרם לעבודתו ולהקריב קרבנותיו. והוא אמרו יתעלה ויתברך שמו וקדשתו כי את לחם אלהיך הוא מקריב ובא הפירוש וקדשתו לכל דבר שבקדושה לפתוח ראשון ולברך ראשון וליטול מנה יפה ראשון. ולשון ספרי וקדשתו על כרחו לומר כי זה צווי נצטוינו בו ואינו בבחירת הכהן. וכן אמרו קדושים יהיו לאלהיהם על כרחם, והיו קדש לרבות בעלי מומין שלא תאמר אחר שלא יאות להקריב לחם אלהיו למה זה נתן לו מעלת הקדמה וכבוד על כן אמרו והיה קדש כל הזרע הנכבד ההוא תמים ובעל מום. וכבר התבארו התנאין המחוייבין להם ואז יהיה ראוי להתנהג עמהם בזה המנהג במקומות מפוזרים בגמרא בחולין ושבת ובכורות וזולתם. (אמור, כלי בית המקדש פרק ד'):
That is that He commanded us to honor the seed of Aharon, to adorn and glorify them, and that we should place them on a level of priority and precedence. And even if they decline, we should not listen to them - this is all aggrandizement of God, may He be exalted, since He took them and chose them for His service and to offer His sacrifices. And this is His, may He be exalted and may His name be blessed, saying, "And sanctify him, since he offers the bread of your God" (Leviticus 21:8)." And the explanation appears - "And sanctify him," in every matter of holiness: To start first, to bless first and to take a nice portion. And the language of the Sifrei is, "'And sanctify him' - against his will." This means to say this is a command that we are commanded, and it is not the priest's choice. And likewise did they say, "'They shall be holy to their God' (Leviticus 21:6) - against their will; 'and they shall be holy' - to include those with blemishes." This is so that you not say, "Since this one is not fit to serve the bread of His God, why should we give him the level of priority and honor?" Hence His saying, "and they shall be holy" - all of this honored seed, both unblemished and blemished. And the stipulations required by them, such that it will be fit to treat them with this practice, have already been explained in scattered places in the Gemara - in Chullin, in Shabbat, in Bekhorot and in the other [tractates]. (See Parashat Emor; Mishneh Torah, Vessels of the Sanctuary and Those who Serve Therein 4).
Hebrew: Sefer HaMitzvot, Warsaw 1883 (public domain). English: Sefaria Edition, trans. Rabbi Francis Nataf, 2021 (CC0). Via Sefaria; translator’s footnotes omitted.
Literary form: a flat, unconditional command
Applicability
How the catalog describes where and when this commandment applies. These are independent descriptions, not a verdict on which laws still count.
- Recorded as practiced today
Classical halakhic consequences
The consequences the classical halakhah attaches to this commandment, grouped by who imposes them. Where a category has none recorded, that absence is itself meaningful.
Imposed by a court
No court-imposed penalty is recorded.
At the hands of Heaven
No divinely-imposed consequence is recorded.
Ritual remedy
No ritual remedy is recorded.
How the streams of Judaism treat this commandment
The streams of Judaism read the same commandment differently — an ongoing plurality, not a ranking. Each position below is reported as the catalog records it; none is presented as the correct one.
- Orthodox Binding
- Conservative Binding, with modification
- Reform Not binding
- Reconstructionist Rejected
- Karaite Position uncertain
24 of 613 commandments have been examined in depth so far — this one is queued.
How later traditions received this commandment
How later traditions read or reworked this commandment, each attributed to its own voice. The catalog’s own classification of each reception is shown as it records it, never adopted as GEBible’s.
Qumran (the Dead Sea Scrolls)
- 1QSa (1Q28a) II The catalog describes this reception as: sectarian extension
Rabbinic aggadah
- Leviticus Rabbah 26:6 expanded it homiletically
Philo of Alexandria
- De Specialibus Legibus 1.131-144 rationalized it
Josephus
- Contra Apionem 2.187-188 affirmed it
The New Testament
- 1 Timothy 5:17 reinterpreted it Honor ('double honor') transferred to elders/presbyters who labor in preaching and teaching, reframing the priestly-prestige principle within the nascent Christian leadership structure
Beside the older legal codes of its world
The commandment set beside the ancient Near-Eastern legal collections scholars compare it to — a descriptive comparison, not a claim of dependence.
- code of hammurabi inheritance and property entitlements of consecrated temple women (nadītu, ugbabtu) and other temple personnel Relationship to the parallel: parallel with divergence §§178-182 Roth, Law Collections from Mesopotamia and Asia Minor, 2nd ed. (1997)
Where this commandment meets modern human-rights frameworks
One modern normative lens, attributed to it — not GEBible’s assessment. Each row names the framework it measures against and the catalog’s own classification of the relation.
This framework catalogues tensions; it records agreement in only one of its entries. The near-total tension rate is the shape of the instrument, not a finding.
No tension with the catalogued modern frameworks is recorded here.