and Jesse became the father of his firstborn Eliab, and Abinadab the second, and Shimea the third, Nethanel the fourth, Raddai the fifth, Ozem the sixth, David the seventh; and their sisters were Zeruiah and Abigail. The sons of Zeruiah: Abishai, Joab, and Asahel, three. Abigail bore Amasa; and the father of Amasa was Jether the Ishmaelite.
Show the surrounding paragraph
1 Chronicles 2:13-17 sits inside this longer paragraph.
These are the sons of Israel: Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Zebulun, Dan, Joseph, Benjamin, Naphtali, Gad, and Asher. The sons of Judah: Er, Onan, and Shelah; which three were born to him of Shua’s daughter the Canaanitess. Er, Judah’s firstborn, was wicked in Yahweh’s sight; and he killed him. Tamar his daughter-in-law bore him Perez and Zerah. All the sons of Judah were five. The sons of Perez: Hezron and Hamul. The sons of Zerah: Zimri, Ethan, Heman, Calcol, and Dara; five of them in all. The son of Carmi: Achar, the troubler of Israel, who committed a trespass in the devoted thing. The son of Ethan: Azariah. The sons also of Hezron, who were born to him: Jerahmeel, Ram, and Chelubai. Ram became the father of Amminadab, and Amminadab became the father of Nahshon, prince of the children of Judah; and Nahshon became the father of Salma, and Salma became the father of Boaz, and Boaz became the father of Obed, and Obed became the father of Jesse; and Jesse became the father of his firstborn Eliab, and Abinadab the second, and Shimea the third, Nethanel the fourth, Raddai the fifth, Ozem the sixth, David the seventh; and their sisters were Zeruiah and Abigail. The sons of Zeruiah: Abishai, Joab, and Asahel, three. Abigail bore Amasa; and the father of Amasa was Jether the Ishmaelite.
Parallel Translations
-
and Jesse became the father of his firstborn Eliab, and Abinadab the second, and Shimea the third,
Nethanel the fourth, Raddai the fifth,
Ozem the sixth, David the seventh;
and their sisters were Zeruiah and Abigail. The sons of Zeruiah: Abishai, Joab, and Asahel, three.
Abigail bore Amasa; and the father of Amasa was Jether the Ishmaelite.
-
And Jesse begat his firstborn Eliab, and Abinadab the second, and Shimma the third,
Nethaneel the fourth, Raddai the fifth,
Ozem the sixth, David the seventh:
Whose sisters were Zeruiah, and Abigail. And the sons of Zeruiah; Abishai, and Joab, and Asahel, three.
And Abigail bare Amasa: and the father of Amasa was Jether the Ishmeelite.
Show all 3 translations
-
and Jesse begot his first-born Eliab, and Abinadab the second, and Shimea the third;
Nethanel the fourth, Raddai the fifth;
Ozem the sixth, David the seventh.
And their sisters were Zeruiah and Abigail. And the sons of Zeruiah: Abishai, and Joab, and Asahel, three.
And Abigail bore Amasa; and the father of Amasa was Jether the Ishmaelite.
Examined in Scripture Analysis
Contradictions (2)
Questions where the Bible appears to say two different things, with the passages on each side set together.
Cross-references (17)
- 2 Samuel 17:25 (v17) Absalom set Amasa over the army instead of Joab. Now Amasa was the son of a man whose name was Ithra the Israelite, who went in to Abigail…
- 1 Samuel 17:13 (v13) The three oldest sons of Jesse had gone after Saul to the battle: and the names of his three sons who went to the battle were Eliab the…
- 1 Samuel 16:10-11 (v15) Jesse made seven of his sons to pass before Samuel. Samuel said to Jesse, “Yahweh has not chosen these.” Samuel said to Jesse, “Are all…
- 1 Samuel 17:12-14 (v15) Now David was the son of that Ephrathite of Bethlehem Judah, whose name was Jesse; and he had eight sons. The man was an elderly old man in…
- 1 Samuel 26:6 (v16) Then David answered and said to Ahimelech the Hittite, and to Abishai the son of Zeruiah, brother of Joab, saying, “Who will go down with…
Show all 17 cross-references
- 1 Samuel 16:6-13 (v13) When they had come, he looked at Eliab, and said, “Surely Yahweh’s anointed is before him.” But Yahweh said to Samuel, “Don’t look on his…
- 1 Samuel 17:28 (v13) Eliab his oldest brother heard when he spoke to the men; and Eliab’s anger burned against David, and he said, “Why have you come down? With…
- 2 Samuel 2:18-23 (v16) The three sons of Zeruiah were there, Joab, and Abishai, and Asahel: and Asahel was as light of foot as a wild gazelle. Asahel pursued…
- 2 Samuel 3:39 (v16) I am weak today, though anointed king. These men, the sons of Zeruiah are too hard for me. May Yahweh reward the evildoer according to his…
- 2 Samuel 16:9-11 (v16) Then Abishai the son of Zeruiah said to the king, “Why should this dead dog curse my lord the king? Please let me go over and take off his…
- 2 Samuel 19:13 (v17) Say to Amasa, ‘Aren’t you my bone and my flesh? God do so to me, and more also, if you aren’t captain of the army before me continually…
- 2 Samuel 19:22 (v16) David said, “What have I to do with you, you sons of Zeruiah, that you should be adversaries to me today? Shall any man be put to death…
- 2 Samuel 20:4-12 (v17) Then the king said to Amasa, “Call me the men of Judah together within three days, and be here present.” So Amasa went to call the men of…
- 1 Kings 2:5 (v17) “Moreover you know also what Joab the son of Zeruiah did to me, even what he did to the two captains of the armies of Israel, to Abner the…
- 1 Kings 2:32 (v17) Yahweh will return his blood on his own head, because he fell on two men more righteous and better than he, and killed them with the sword,…
- 1 Chronicles 20:7 (v13) When he defied Israel, Jonathan the son of Shimea David’s brother killed him.
- 1 Chronicles 27:18 (v13) of Judah, Elihu, one of the brothers of David; of Issachar, Omri the son of Michael;
Cross-references from openbible.info (CC BY 4.0)
Explain this passage (15 sources)
Historical commentary, presented as a primary source — not an endorsement.
Private notes
Saved on this device only — never synced or sent anywhere.
Geneva Bible translators 1599 · Public Domain On v13 Or, Shammah.
Or, Shammah.
Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain.
John Trapp 1656 · Public Domain On vv15–17 1Ch 2:15 Ozem the sixth, David the seventh:
1Ch 2:15 Ozem the sixth, David the seventh:
Ver. 15. David the seventh.] Jesse is said to have eight sons, {1Sa 17:12} but one might be his son by adoption.
John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Matthew Poole 1685 · Public Domain On vv13, 15, 17 Eliab, called also Elihu. 1Ch 27:18 unless that was…
Eliab, called also Elihu. 1Ch 27:18 unless that was another person, and the word brother to be taken largely for a kinsman, as is frequently used.
Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
John Gill 1763 · Public Domain On vv13, 16, 17 And when Azubah was dead, Caleb took unto him…
And when Azubah was dead, Caleb took unto him Ephrath,.... The Targum is, "Miriam, who was called Ephrath"; but, according to Josephus (q), it was his son Hur that was the husband of Miriam the sister of Moses:
which bare him Hur; See Gill on Exo 17:10.
Read full note →
(q) Antiqu. l. 3. c. 2.
John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
John Wesley 1765 · Public Domain On vv13, 15, 17 Eliab - Called also Elihu, chap. xxvii, 18, unless…
Eliab - Called also Elihu, chap. xxvii, 18, unless that was another person, and the word brother be taken more largely for a kinsman, as it is frequently.
John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible (1754–1765) — public domain. Text via the GEBible commentary corpus.
Adam Clarke 1810 · Public Domain On v17 Verse 17. Jether the Ishmeelite.] "They called him Jether,…
Verse 17. Jether the Ishmeelite.] "They called him Jether, because he girded himself with his sword, that he might assist David with the Arabians, when Abner was endeavouring to destroy David and the whole race of Jesse, as being unfit to enter into the congregation of the Lord, on account of Ruth the Moabitess." - T.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
Joseph Benson 1811 · Public Domain On vv13, 17 1Ch 2:13-15. Eliab — Called also Elihu, 1Ch 27:18,…
1Ch 2:13-15. Eliab — Called also Elihu, 1Ch 27:18, unless that was another son of Jesse, as some think, not mentioned elsewhere; which would make the number to be eight, according to 1Sa 16:10; 1Sa 17:12. Or that Elihu, although there called the brother of David, might perhaps only be his kinsman, according to the usual language of Scripture. David the seventh — David was certainly the youngest son of Jesse, 1Sa 16:11. And if, as seems probable, one of them died soon after the time when they were said to he eight, he would of course be reckoned as the seventh.
Joseph Benson's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Albert Barnes 1834 · Public Domain On vv15–17 David the seventh - Jesse had eight sons, of…
David the seventh - Jesse had eight sons, of whom David was the youngest 1Sa 16:10-11; 1Sa 17:12. Probably one of the sons shown to Samuel at Bethlehem did not grow up.
Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible (1834–1885) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary 1859 · Public Domain On vv15–17 Seventh. Syriac and Arabic add, "Eliu, (chap. xxvii. 18.)…
Seventh. Syriac and Arabic add, "Eliu, (chap. xxvii. 18.) and the eighth David." It appears, in effect, the Isai had eight sons, and that David was the youngest, 1 Kings xvi. 10., and xvii. 12. The Rabbins suppose that one was only adopted, namely, Jonathan, the son of Samma, noted for his prudence and valour, 2 Kings xiii. 3., and xxi. 21. (Calmet) --- One might die in his youth, and be therefore omitted, (Tirinus) as he had done nothing memorable. (Du Hamel) --- The Scripture does not always specify the full number. (Abulensis)
George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown 1871 · Public Domain On vv15, 17 CHILDREN OF JESSE. (Ch1 2:13-17)
CHILDREN OF JESSE. (Ch1 2:13-17)
David the seventh--As it appears (Sa1 16:10; Sa1 17:12) that Jesse had eight sons, the presumption is from David being mentioned here as the seventh son of his father, that one of them had died at an early age, without leaving issue.
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges 1878 · Public Domain On vv13–17 13. Shimma] R.V. Shimea, as in 1Ch_20:7. His name…
13. Shimma] R.V. Shimea, as in 1Ch_20:7. His name is written “Shammah” in 1Sa_16:9. In 2Sa_21:21 “Shimei” (R.V.).
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Pulpit Commentary 1880 · Public Domain On vv13, 16 Vers. 13-15 give us what we have not elsewhere,…
Vers. 13-15 give us what we have not elsewhere, the names of the fourth, fifth, and sixth sons of Jesse, viz. Nathaneel, Raddai, (but see 1Ki_1:8) and Ozem. But, on the other hand, they make it appear that David was the seventh of seven, instead of (1Sa_14:10, 11 17:12) the eighth of eight sons. The missing son, any way, belongs to the seventh place. The Syriac and Arabic versions have taken the Elihu of 1Ch_27:18, and put him in this place. Others, following the Septuagint, suppose this Elihu, if strictly a brother of David, to be Eliab, the oldest. The explanation of the absence of the name here may be that he died early and without issue, and would accordingly be the less wanted in a genealogical register. The character of Jesse.
Biographies usually make much of the parental connections and ancestral relations of their hero. It is even discussed whether the special genius of a person is to be traced to his father or to his mother. In the earlier Scriptures the mother"s name and character are seldom given (exceptions may be found in the cases of Sarah, Rebekah, and Hannah); but in the time of the later kings the mother"s name is preserved with care. The importance of hereditary connections may concern both the intellectual forces of the mind and the moral qualities making up the character. There is the heritage of goodness as well as of greatness; and, therefore, St. Paul thanks God that Timothy stands in the third generation of marked faith and. (2Ti_1:5) Almost nothing is known of the mother of David, and the absence of information has led to strange conjecture; Dean Stanley curiously suggesting that she may have been previously a wife or concubine of one Nahash, possibly an Ammonite king, who under some circumstances not detailed became a second wife of Jesse, and by him the mother of David. All that the narrative suggests is that David was much younger than his brothers, and the child of Jesse"s old age. He is introduced to us as conversing with Samuel on the occasion of the anointing of David; (1Sa 16) as caring for the wants of his children while they were away from homo in the army of Saul; (1Sa 17) and as the object of David"s special care when the personal enmity of Saul put his relatives, as well as David himself, in peril. (1Sa_22:3, 1Sa_22:4) The incident in which the personal character of Jesse is most fully indicated is that of sending David with a present to his sons in the army; and this suggests that he was a thoughtful and affectionate father, and permits us to trace something of David"s remarkable family affection to his paternity. He may therefore serve to introduce the subject of paternal relationships and duties, and the rewards which those may find in the career and virtue of their children who have not been themselves remarkable for anything save for being good fathers. The Divine recognition of faithfulness in this precise office and relation is indicated in God"s commendation of Abraham, (Gen_18:19) "For I know him, that he will command his children and his household after him, and they shall keep the way of the Lord.
Read full note →
I FATHERLY LOVE FINDS FITTING EXPRESSION IN WISE RULE AND RESTRAINTS. Jesse seems to have had such authority. His sons, though of full age, promptly come and go at his bidding. He appears to have had his household fully under control, appointing each member his place and work. The well-being of families depends on the firmness of the father"s rule. The first conceptions of right, and of the duties of submission and obedience, happily come to us associated with our reverence for, and affection for, our father. And worthy fulfilment, in this respect, of the paternal duties carries to our children worthy ideas of the righteousness and love of "our Father who is in heaven.
II FATHERLY LOVE CAN MAKE HIGH SACRIFICES. Illustrated in Jesse"s sending his sons to the army in the time of national peril. How much he felt their danger is seen in his anxiety to know of their welfare while on the battle-field. Such sacrifices have often been required of parents in times of national danger, and similar sacrifices in quieter spheres, especially in devoting sons to missionary work. Show that to the true parent such sacrifices are made with mingled feelings of joy and sorrow.
III FATHERLY LOVE FINDS ITS REWARD IN THE CHILDREN"S CARE; as Jesse"s life was saved by David when Saul"s enmity put the family in peril. Loving children have no greater joy than that of caring for and tending their aged parents who have toiled and suffered so much and so long for them. See our Lord"s care of his mother from his cross. R.T.
The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
C. I. Scofield 1917 · Public Domain On v13 Or, Shammah, 1Sa 16:9.
Shimma
Or, Shammah, 1Sa 16:9.
The Scofield Reference Bible (1917 edition), notes by C. I. Scofield — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
unfoldingWord translationNotes 2017 · CC BY-SA 4.0 On vv13, 16 General Information:
General Information:
All of the names here are names of men. (See: How to Translate Names)
Read full note →
the second ... the third ... the fourth ... the fifth ... the sixth ... the seventh
The word "son" is understood. Also, the numbers are in ordinal form. AT: "the second son ... the third son ... the fourth son ... the fifth son ... the sixth son ... the seventh son" (See: Ellipsis and Ordinal Numbers)
translationWords
David
unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.
Tyndale Open Study Notes 2022 · CC BY-SA 4.0 On v14 2:14-15 The Chronicler lists David as the seventh son…
2:14-15 The Chronicler lists David as the seventh son of Jesse, while Samuel makes him the eighth (1 Sam 16:6-13; 17:12). Samuel does not provide the names of David’s fourth, fifth, or sixth brothers (Nethanel, Raddai, and Ozem). Later, the Chronicler lists a brother named Elihu, who might or might not have been an additional son (see study note on 1 Chr 27:18). The number seven (the “perfect” number) perhaps symbolizes that David was chosen by God to rule.
Tyndale Open Study Notes — © Tyndale Open Resources, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API.