The sons of Caleb the brother of Jerahmeel were Mesha his firstborn, who was the father of Ziph; and the sons of Mareshah the father of Hebron.
Parallel Translations
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The sons of Caleb the brother of Jerahmeel were Mesha his firstborn, who was the father of Ziph; and the sons of Mareshah the father of Hebron.
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Now the sons of Caleb the brother of Jerahmeel were, Mesha his firstborn, which was the father of Ziph; and the sons of Mareshah the father of Hebron.
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And the sons of Caleb the brother of Jerahmeel were Mesha his first-born, who was the father of Ziph, and the sons of Mareshah the father of Hebron.
Cross-references (15)
Passages linked to 1 Chronicles 2:42 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge, ordered by reader-vote popularity; verse text shown in World English Bible.
- Genesis 49:3 “Reuben, you are my firstborn, my might, and the beginning of my strength; excelling in dignity, and excelling in power.
- Exodus 4:22-23 You shall tell Pharaoh, ‘Yahweh says, Israel is my son, my firstborn, and I have said to you, “Let my son go, that he may serve me;” and you have refused to let him go. Behold, I will kill your firstborn son.’ ”
- Joshua 15:24 Ziph, Telem, Bealoth,
- 1 Samuel 23:19 Then the Ziphites came up to Saul to Gibeah, saying, “Doesn’t David hide himself with us in the strongholds in the woods, in the hill of Hachilah, which is on the south of the desert?
- 1 Samuel 26:1 The Ziphites came to Saul to Gibeah, saying, “Doesn’t David hide himself in the hill of Hachilah, which is before the desert?”
- 1 Chronicles 2:18-19 Caleb the son of Hezron became the father of children of Azubah his wife, and of Jerioth; and these were her sons: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon. Azubah died, and Caleb married Ephrath, who bore him Hur.
- 1 Chronicles 2:23-24 Geshur and Aram took the towns of Jair from them, with Kenath, and its villages, even sixty cities. All these were the sons of Machir the father of Gilead. After Hezron died in Caleb Ephrathah, Abijah Hezron’s wife bore him Ashhur the father of Tekoa.
- 1 Chronicles 2:45 The son of Shammai was Maon; and Maon was the father of Beth Zur.
- 1 Chronicles 2:49 She bore also Shaaph the father of Madmannah, Sheva the father of Machbena, and the father of Gibea; and the daughter of Caleb was Achsah.
- 1 Chronicles 2:52 Shobal the father of Kiriath Jearim had sons: Haroeh, half of the Menuhoth.
- 1 Chronicles 8:29 The father of Gibeon, whose wife’s name was Maacah, lived in Gibeon,
- Ezra 2:21-35 The children of Bethlehem, one hundred twenty-three. The men of Netophah, fifty-six. The men of Anathoth, one hundred twenty-eight. The children of Azmaveth, forty-two. The children of Kiriath Arim, Chephirah, and Beeroth, seven hundred forty-three. The children of Ramah and Geba, six hundred twenty-one. The men of Michmas, one hundred twenty-two. The men of Bethel and Ai, two hundred twenty-three. The children of Nebo, fifty-two. The children of Magbish, one hundred fifty-six. The children of the other Elam, one thousand two hundred fifty-four. The children of Harim, three hundred twenty. The children of Lod, Hadid, and Ono, seven hundred twenty-five. The children of Jericho, three hundred forty-five. The children of Senaah, three thousand six hundred thirty.
- Nehemiah 7:25-38 The children of Gibeon: ninety-five. The men of Bethlehem and Netophah: one hundred eighty-eight. The men of Anathoth: one hundred twenty-eight. The men of Beth Azmaveth: forty-two. The men of Kiriath Jearim, Chephirah, and Beeroth: seven hundred forty-three. The men of Ramah and Geba: six hundred twenty-one. The men of Michmas: one hundred twenty-two. The men of Bethel and Ai: one hundred twenty-three. The men of the other Nebo: fifty-two. The children of the other Elam: one thousand two hundred fifty-four. The children of Harim: three hundred twenty. The children of Jericho: three hundred forty-five. The children of Lod, Hadid, and Ono: seven hundred twenty-one. The children of Senaah: three thousand nine hundred thirty.
- Romans 8:29 For whom he foreknew, he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his Son, that he might be the firstborn among many brothers.
- Hebrews 12:23 to the festal gathering and assembly of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven, to God the Judge of all, to the spirits of just men made perfect,
Cross-references from openbible.info (CC BY 4.0)
Explain this verse (12 sources)
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Geneva Bible translators 1599 · Public Domain That is, the chief governor or prince of the…
That is, the chief governor or prince of the Ziphims, because the prince ought to have a fatherly care and affection toward his people.
Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain.
John Trapp 1656 · Public Domain 1Ch 2:42 Now the sons of Caleb the brother…
1Ch 2:42 Now the sons of Caleb the brother of Jerahmeel [were], Mesha his firstborn, which was the father of Ziph; and the sons of Mareshah the father of Hebron.
Ver. 42. He was the father of Hebron.] See on 1Ch 2:24.
John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Matthew Poole 1685 · Public Domain The sons of Caleb, to wit, of that Caleb…
The sons of Caleb, to wit, of that Caleb mentioned 1Ch 2:18, as appears by comparing that verse with 1Ch 2:21. And these are his sons by another and his third wife. See Poole "1Ch 2:18".
Ziph; the name either of a man, or of a place, of which see Jos 15:24,55; and then father is to be understood here, as 1Ch 2:23,24.
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The father of Hebron; not the place so called, but a man, as is evident, because his sons here follow.
Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
John Gill 1763 · Public Domain She bare also Shaaph the father of Madmannah,.... Prince…
She bare also Shaaph the father of Madmannah,.... Prince of a place so called, in the tribe of Judah, Jos 15:31.
Sheva the father of Machbenah, and the father of Gibeah; prince of two cities of those names in the same tribe; of the latter see Jos 15:57,
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and the daughter of Caleb was Achsah; Caleb, the son of Jephunneh, had a daughter of this name, but neither he nor she are here meant, Jos 15:16 but by whom Caleb, the son of Hezron, had this daughter, is not said; perhaps by Maachah his concubine last mentioned.
John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
Adam Clarke 1810 · Public Domain Verse 42. Now the sons of Caleb] This was…
Verse 42. Now the sons of Caleb] This was not Caleb the son of Jephunneh, but Caleb the son of Hezron, 1Ch 2:18; 1Ch 2:50. But some think that Caleb the son of Hezron was the grandson of Caleb, son of Jephunneh; but this is probably fanciful.
The father of Ziph] "The prince of the Ziphites." - T.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
Albert Barnes 1834 · Public Domain A third line of descent from Caleb, the son…
A third line of descent from Caleb, the son of Hezron, the issue probably of a different mother, perhaps Jerioth 1Ch 2:18. The supposed omissions in this verse have been supplied as follows:
(1) “Mesha, the father of Ziph; and the sons of Ziph, Mareshah, the father of Hebron;” or
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(2) “Mareshah, the father of Ziph; and the sons of Mareshah, the father of Ziph, Hebron.”
Ziph, like Jorkoam 1Ch 2:44 and Beth-zur 1Ch 2:45, is the name of a place where the respective chiefs (“fathers”) settled. Similarly Madmannah, Machbenah, and Gibea 1Ch 2:49, Kirjath-jearim (Jos 9:17 note), Bethlehem and Beth-gader (Jedur, 1Ch 2:51) are unmistakeable names of places in the list, names which it is not probable were ever borne by persons.
Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible (1834–1885) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary 1859 · Public Domain Caleb, or Calubi, ver. 9. Ziph, Maresa, and Hebron,…
Caleb, or Calubi, ver. 9. Ziph, Maresa, and Hebron, are the names of towns, as well as of men. The descendants of Mesa inhabited Ziph, and those of Maresa dwelt at Hebron. The same remark will hold good in other places, where the names of places are put for those who occupied them. (Calmet) --- And the sons. Hebrew, "and of the sons of Maresa." (Vatable) --- But it may be as well explained in the sense of the Vulgate. Septuagint, "Marisa, his first-born. He was the father of Ziph, and the sons of Marisa, of the father of Hebron." --- Father. Literally, "of the father," patris Hebron. (Haydock)
George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown 1871 · Public Domain the sons of Caleb--(compare Ch1 2:18, Ch1 2:25). The…
the sons of Caleb--(compare Ch1 2:18, Ch1 2:25). The sons here noticed were the fruit of his union with a third wife.
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges 1878 · Public Domain 42–49. The Descendants of Caleb
42–49. The Descendants of Caleb
42. Caleb the brother of Jerahmeel] Called Chelubai (1Ch_2:9) and Caleb the son of Hezron (1Ch_2:18). There is nothing to shew what relationship existed between this Caleb and Caleb son of Jephunneh (1Ch_4:15 and Num_13:6). Perhaps they are to be identified; cp. 1Ch_2:49, note. Both are assigned to the tribe of Judah.
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Several of the names, viz. Ziph (Jos_15:24 or 55), Mareshah (2Ch_11:8), Hebron, Tappuah (Jos_15:34), Maon (Jos_15:55), and Beth-zur (Jos_15:58) are names of towns in the S. or S.W. of Judah, and consequently may represent here the respective populations of those towns, and not individual descendants of Caleb.
Mesha] The Moabite king whose deeds are recorded on the Moabite stone bore this name. It means Victory, enlargement. LXX. reads Mareshah (Μαρεισά) as in the latter part of the verse.
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers 1878 · Public Domain I.—1Ch_2:42-45 : Caleb brother of Jerahmeel = Caleb son…
I.—1Ch_2:42-45 : Caleb brother of Jerahmeel = Caleb son of Hezron (1Ch_2:18) = Chelubai (1Ch_2:9).
(42) Mesha.—The name of a king of Moab (2Ki_3:4), whose monument of victory, the famous Moabite stone, was found in 1868 at Dibou. Here the name is probably that of a principal Calebite clan, settled at Ziph, near Hebron (Jos_15:54-55; 1Sa_23:14).
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Father of Ziph.—Comp. 1Ch_2:21, “father of Gilead,” and 24.
And the sons of Mareshah the father of Hebron.—The statement of the verse is, “the sons of Mareshah were sons of Caleb,” that is, the Mareshathites, or people of Mareshah (Jos_15:44), a town in the Shephelah, were a Calebite clan. This branch of Caleb is called “father of Hebron,” because it had the chief part in colonising that old Canaanite city.
(43) Korah.—Elsewhere the name of a subdivision of the Kohathite Levites; in 1Ch_1:35 it was a tribe of Edomites. In this place, therefore, it may be a clan of Hebronites.
Tappuah.—A town in the Shephelah (Jos_15:34; Jos_16:8).
Rekem.—A Benjamite city (Jos_18:27); in 1Ch_7:16, a Machirite chieftain or clan.
Shema.—Occurs several times in the chronicle. In 1Ch_5:8; 1Ch_8:13 it appears to be the name of a clan; in 1Ch_11:44 and Neh_8:4 a person is meant.
(44) Jorkoam.—Occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament. The LXX. (Alex.) has Ἰεκλάν, Jeklan. Probably, therefore, the correct reading is Jokdeam. (For the change of Hebrew d to Greek l see 1Ki_5:11, where Hebrew Darda is represented by Δαραλά.) Jokdeam was a town in the hill-country of Judah (Jos_15:56). The chief or clan Raham is here called its father or founder.
Rekem.—The LXX. (Alex.) again has Jeklan (Jokdeam), which is as likely to be right as Rekem.
Shammai.—See 1Ch_2:28.
(45) Maon . . . Beth-zur.—Towns in the hill-country of Judah (Jos_15:55; Jos_15:58). Maon, now Main, south of Hebron. Beth-zur (2Ch_11:7), now Beit-sûr. In Jdg_10:12 Midianites, not Maonites, is the better reading.
(42-55) These verses revert to the Calebite stocks. Interpreted as merely bearing upon the extraction of individuals about whom, for the most part, nothing whatever is known beyond what these brief notices reveal, the section presents great difficulties. The key to it appears to be the assumption that it is an ancient record of the relations between certain great branches of the tribe of Judah, and their various settlements; in other words, these lists are tribal and topographical, rather than genealogical.
A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Pulpit Commentary 1880 · Public Domain Vers. 42-49. These verses are occupied with the resumption…
Vers. 42-49. These verses are occupied with the resumption of descendants of Caleb the Caleb apparently of vers. 9 and 18, though, this being so, the last clause in ver. 49, the daughter of Caleb, Achsa, will require accounting for. This statement would lead us to suppose that we were assuredly reading of Caleb the son of Jephunneh; but it cannot be so. The name of Caleb, with the questions gathering round it, will be best considered here. Of the nine times in which it occurs in this chapter, the mere duplicates (of vers. 20, 46, 48) may be at once counted off. The compound "Caleb-ephratah" of ver. 24 has been already dealt with. Nor need we for the present suppose ver. 50 to have any real meaning inconsistent with its apparent meaning, viz. that Caleb is the name of a grandson (son of Hut) as well as of the grandfather. There remain the occasions of the occurring of the word in vers. 9, 18, 42, 49.
1. The first appearance, then, of the name in this chapter (ver. 9) exhibits itin a form different from that in which it appears the other times in this chapter or elsewhere, viz. as ybWlk, instead of blek; or once as a patronymic, 1Sa_25:3, yBilioK The Vulgate follows the Hebrew, but the Septuagint has at once substituted Caleb. The Syriac Version has Salchi, and the Arabic Sachli, both of them, no doubt, mere transcribers" errors through the mistake of a letter. This form "Chelubai" is, then, an apax legomenon, and no different account has yet been given of the name appearing thus on this one occasion. It may be described, with Lange ("Comm. Old Testament," in loc. ), as "adjectivus gentilis" to bWlk, which word, however, occur where it will, is never treated as a synonym with Caleb except by the Septuagint, and then but once, (1Ch_4:11) making Lange"s further claim of three forms for the name of Caleb wrong. The name might be translated the "Cheluban" or "Chelubite.
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2. The Caleb called here first "Chelubai," again "Caleb the son of Hezron," and now "Caleb the brother of Jerahmeel," some, and Keil among them, have endeavoured to identify with Caleb the son of Jephunneh. This latter is a well-known figure in history. He, together with Joshua, was among those who, departing from Egypt, were pursued of Pharaoh, and of all the host these two alone lived to enter into the promised land. This is enough to give him distinction and a prominent place before the eye. To this Caleb unmistakable reference is made in twenty-eight passages, in sixteen of which he is called "son of Jephunneh," and in three of those sixteen "son of Jephunneh the Kenazite." Now, he tells us himself (Jos_14:7) that he was forty years old in the seceded year after the Exodus. But it seems (Gen_46:12, Gen_46:26) that Hezron, grandson of Judah, and the father of the Caleb of this chapter, was, however young, one of those who went down into Egypt with Jacob, at a date, according to any chronology, which must render it impossible for any son of his to have been alive and only forty years of age at the time of the Exodus. This being so, either the statement already referred to, found at the close of ver. 49, that "the daughter of Caleb was Achsa," must be an interpolation from some ignorant transcriber"s marginal annotation, or, unlikely as it is, Caleb the son of Hezron and Caleb the son of Jephunneh both named a daughter Achsa. It is, moreover, likely enough that the frequent describing of Caleb the son of Jephuuneli in this style was occasioned by the desire to distinguish him from some other Caleb, not a contemporary, indeed, but already well known m a generation preceding but not too remote. Other considerations decidedly concur with this view: e.g. Ram is brother of Caleb the son of Hezron; he has a grandson, Nahshon, of great distinction, "a prince of the children of Judah," whose sister Aaron married; he was the elect of the Judah tribe to assist Moses and Aaron in the first numbering of the people. (Num_1:7) Great prominence is given to him. (Num_7:12 Num_10:14) He was clearly (Mat_1:4; Luk_3:32) fifth in descent from Judah, in perfect agreement with the table of this chapter. Now, it was this grandson of the elder brother of Caleb who was contemporary with Caleb the son of Jephunneh. Similarly, the Bezaleel of this chapter (ver. 20), a great-grandson of Caleb the Hezronite, is spoken of (Exo_31:1 Exo_35:30) at the same date exactly at which Caleb the son of Jephunneh says he was still but forty years of age
3. The identity of the Caleb of ver. 50, son of Hut, with Caleb the son ofJephuuneh is supposed by some, but is not clear. It appears to be asserted, without explanation, in the arts. "Caleb" and "Ephrath," signed A. C. H., Smith"s "Bible Dictionary," though in the second part of the latter article it is alluded to as only possible. On the other hand, it may rather be that Caleb the son of Jephunneh, instead of being identical with this Caleb the son of Hur, is so called in order to distinguish him from this latter as a contemporary. Again, it has been happily conjectured ("Speaker"s Commentary," in loc. ) that just as ver. 33 closes the table of Jerahmeel with These were the sons of Jerahmeel ," so ver. 49 should close the table of Caleb (ver. 42) with the words, These were the Boris of Caleb. With a slight alteration, ver. 50 would then begin The sons of Hur, etc. This is, however, only conjecture. Ver. 42, then, must be considered to give us another family of Caleb, i.e. a family by another wife, of name not given, just possibly the Jerioth unaccounted for in ver. 18. The first statement lauds us in perplexity. Mesha (vyme) is the firstborn (i.e. by the wife or woman in question), and the founder of Ziph. And amid some omission or corruption of text, we are then confronted with the words, and the sons of Marsehah (hvyrem) the father (or again, perhaps founder) of Hebron. The reading of the Septuagint gives Mareshah in both of these passages, and may come from a Hebrew text that we have not. The substitution could, however, scarcely be accounted for as a mere clerical error, considering both the omission of a resh and the replacing of a he with an ayin. The sentence refuses at present any treatment except the unsatisfactory one of pure conjecture. But employing this, it may be noted that the omitting of the words, "the sons of," before Mareshah would most help to clear the verse of confusion. In this and following verses, Ziph, Hebron, Tappuah, Jorkoam, and Beth-zur, are all names of places certainly, whether or not they are all of persons.
The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
unfoldingWord translationNotes 2017 · CC BY-SA 4.0 General Information:
General Information:
All of the names here are the names of men. (See: How to Translate Names)
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the father of Hebron ... the father of Raham, the father of Jorkeam ... the father of Shammai
Some versions read, "the founder of the clan of Hebron ... the founder of the clan of Raham, the founder of the clan of Jorkeam ... the founder of the clan of Shammai."
translationWords
firstborn
Korah
unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.