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2 Kings 23:1-3

The king sent, and they gathered to him all the elders of Judah and of Jerusalem. The king went up to Yahweh’s house, and all the men of Judah and all the inhabitants of Jerusalem with him, with the priests, the prophets, and all the people, both small and great; and he read in their hearing all the words of the book of the covenant which was found in Yahweh’s house. The king stood by the pillar, and made a covenant before Yahweh, to walk after Yahweh, and to keep his commandments, his testimonies, and his statutes, with all his heart, and all his soul, to confirm the words of this covenant that were written in this book; and all the people agreed to the covenant.

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The king sent, and they gathered to him all the elders of Judah and of Jerusalem. The king went up to Yahweh’s house, and all the men of Judah and all the inhabitants of Jerusalem with him, with the priests, the prophets, and all the people, both small and great; and he read in their hearing all the words of the book of the covenant which was found in Yahweh’s house. The king stood by the pillar, and made a covenant before Yahweh, to walk after Yahweh, and to keep his commandments, his testimonies, and his statutes, with all his heart, and all his soul, to confirm the words of this covenant that were written in this book; and all the people agreed to the covenant. The king commanded Hilkiah the high priest, and the priests of the second order, and the keepers of the threshold, to bring out of Yahweh’s temple all the vessels that were made for Baal, for the Asherah, and for all the army of the sky, and he burned them outside of Jerusalem in the fields of the Kidron, and carried their ashes to Bethel. He got rid of the idolatrous priests, whom the kings of Judah had ordained to burn incense in the high places in the cities of Judah, and in the places around Jerusalem; those also who burned incense to Baal, to the sun, and to the moon, and to the planets, and to all the army of the sky. He brought out the Asherah from Yahweh’s house, outside of Jerusalem, to the brook Kidron, and burned it at the brook Kidron, and beat it to dust, and cast its dust on the graves of the common people. He broke down the houses of the male shrine prostitutes that were in Yahweh’s house, where the women wove hangings for the Asherah. He brought all the priests out of the cities of Judah, and defiled the high places where the priests had burned incense, from Geba to Beersheba; and he broke down the high places of the gates that were at the entrance of the gate of Joshua the governor of the city, which were on a man’s left hand at the gate of the city. Nevertheless the priests of the high places didn’t come up to Yahweh’s altar in Jerusalem, but they ate unleavened bread among their brothers. He defiled Topheth, which is in the valley of the children of Hinnom, that no man might make his son or his daughter to pass through the fire to Molech. He took away the horses that the kings of Judah had given to the sun, at the entrance of Yahweh’s house, by the room of Nathan Melech the officer, who was in the court; and he burned the chariots of the sun with fire. The king broke down the altars that were on the roof of the upper room of Ahaz, which the kings of Judah had made, and the altars which Manasseh had made in the two courts of Yahweh’s house, and beat them down from there, and cast their dust into the brook Kidron. The king defiled the high places that were before Jerusalem, which were on the right hand of the mountain of corruption, which Solomon the king of Israel had built for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Sidonians, and for Chemosh the abomination of Moab, and for Milcom the abomination of the children of Ammon. He broke in pieces the pillars, cut down the Asherah poles, and filled their places with men’s bones. Moreover the altar that was at Bethel, and the high place which Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel to sin, had made, even that altar and the high place he broke down; and he burned the high place and beat it to dust, and burned the Asherah. As Josiah turned himself, he spied the tombs that were there in the mountain; and he sent, and took the bones out of the tombs, and burned them on the altar, and defiled it, according to Yahweh’s word which the man of God proclaimed, who proclaimed these things. Then he said, “What monument is that which I see?” The men of the city told him, “It is the tomb of the man of God, who came from Judah, and proclaimed these things that you have done against the altar of Bethel.”

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Parallel Translations

  • WEB World English Bible

    The king sent, and they gathered to him all the elders of Judah and of Jerusalem.

    The king went up to Yahweh’s house, and all the men of Judah and all the inhabitants of Jerusalem with him, with the priests, the prophets, and all the people, both small and great; and he read in their hearing all the words of the book of the covenant which was found in Yahweh’s house.

    The king stood by the pillar, and made a covenant before Yahweh, to walk after Yahweh, and to keep his commandments, his testimonies, and his statutes, with all his heart, and all his soul, to confirm the words of this covenant that were written in this book; and all the people agreed to the covenant.

  • KJV King James Version

    And the king sent, and they gathered unto him all the elders of Judah and of Jerusalem.

    And the king went up into the house of the LORD, and all the men of Judah and all the inhabitants of Jerusalem with him, and the priests, and the prophets, and all the people, both small and great: and he read in their ears all the words of the book of the covenant which was found in the house of the LORD.

    And the king stood by a pillar, and made a covenant before the LORD, to walk after the LORD, and to keep his commandments and his testimonies and his statutes with all their heart and all their soul, to perform the words of this covenant that were written in this book. And all the people stood to the covenant.

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  • JPS JPS Tanakh (1917)

    And the king sent, and they gathered unto him all the elders of Judah and of Jerusalem.

    And the king went up to the house of the LORD, and all the men of Judah and all the inhabitants of Jerusalem with him, and the priests, and the prophets, and all the people, both small and great; and he read in their ears all the words of the book of the covenant which was found in the house of the LORD.

    And the king stood on the platform, and made a covenant before the LORD, to walk after the LORD, and to keep His commandments, and His testimonies, and His statutes, with all his heart, and all his soul, to confirm the words of this covenant that were written in this book; and all the people stood to the covenant.

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Cross-references (53)

  • 2 Kings 11:14 (v3) and she looked, and behold, the king stood by the pillar, as the tradition was, with the captains and the trumpets by the king; and all the…
  • 2 Kings 11:17 (v3) Jehoiada made a covenant between Yahweh and the king and the people, that they should be Yahweh’s people; also between the king and the…
  • 2 Kings 22:8 (v2) Hilkiah the high priest said to Shaphan the scribe, “I have found the book of the law in Yahweh’s house.” Hilkiah delivered the book to…
  • Deuteronomy 31:10-13 (v2) Moses commanded them, saying, “At the end of every seven years, in the set time of the year of release, in the feast of booths, when all…
  • Deuteronomy 13:4 (v3) You shall walk after Yahweh your God, fear him, keep his commandments, and obey his voice. You shall serve him, and cling to him.
Show all 53 cross-references
  • 2 Chronicles 34:29-33 (v1) Then the king sent and gathered together all the elders of Judah and Jerusalem. The king went up to Yahweh’s house, with all the men of…
  • Revelation 20:12 (v2) I saw the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne, and they opened books. Another book was opened, which is the book of…
  • Genesis 19:11 (v2) They struck the men who were at the door of the house with blindness, both small and great, so that they wearied themselves to find the…
  • Exodus 24:3 (v3) Moses came and told the people all Yahweh’s words, and all the ordinances; and all the people answered with one voice, and said, “All the…
  • Exodus 24:7-8 (v3) He took the book of the covenant and read it in the hearing of the people, and they said, “We will do all that Yahweh has said, and be…
  • Deuteronomy 4:45 (v3) These are the testimonies, and the statutes, and the ordinances which Moses spoke to the children of Israel when they came out of Egypt,
  • Deuteronomy 5:1-3 (v3) Moses called to all Israel, and said to them, “Hear, Israel, the statutes and the ordinances which I speak in your ears today, that you may…
  • Deuteronomy 6:1 (v3) Now these are the commandments, the statutes, and the ordinances, which Yahweh your God commanded to teach you, that you might do them in…
  • Deuteronomy 6:5 (v3) You shall love Yahweh your God with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your might.
  • Deuteronomy 8:19 (v3) It shall be, if you shall forget Yahweh your God, and walk after other gods, and serve them and worship them, I testify against you today…
  • Deuteronomy 10:12 (v3) Now, Israel, what does Yahweh your God require of you, but to fear Yahweh your God, to walk in all his ways, to love him, and to serve…
  • Deuteronomy 11:13 (v3) It shall happen, if you shall listen diligently to my commandments which I command you today, to love Yahweh your God, and to serve him…
  • Deuteronomy 29:1 (v3) These are the words of the covenant which Yahweh commanded Moses to make with the children of Israel in the land of Moab, in addition to…
  • Deuteronomy 29:10-15 (v3) All of you stand today in the presence of Yahweh your God: your heads, your tribes, your elders, and your officers, even all the men of…
  • Deuteronomy 31:26 (v2) “Take this book of the law, and put it by the side of the ark of Yahweh your God’s covenant, that it may be there for a witness against you.
  • Deuteronomy 31:28 (v1) Assemble to me all the elders of your tribes and your officers, that I may speak these words in their ears, and call heaven and earth to…
  • Joshua 24:24-25 (v3) The people said to Joshua, “We will serve Yahweh our God, and we will listen to his voice.” So Joshua made a covenant with the people that…
  • 1 Samuel 5:9 (v2) It was so, that after they had carried it there, Yahweh’s hand was against the city with a very great confusion; and he struck the men of…
  • 1 Samuel 30:2 (v2) and had taken captive the women and all who were in it, both small and great. They didn’t kill any, but carried them off, and went their…
  • 1 Kings 8:9 (v2) There was nothing in the ark except the two stone tablets which Moses put there at Horeb, when Yahweh made a covenant with the children of…
  • 2 Chronicles 15:12-14 (v3) They entered into the covenant to seek Yahweh, the God of their fathers, with all their heart and with all their soul; and that whoever…
  • 2 Chronicles 15:13 (v2) and that whoever would not seek Yahweh, the God of Israel, should be put to death, whether small or great, whether man or woman.
  • 2 Chronicles 17:9 (v2) They taught in Judah, having the book of Yahweh’s law with them. They went about throughout all the cities of Judah and taught among the…
  • 2 Chronicles 23:13 (v3) Then she looked, and, behold, the king stood by his pillar at the entrance, and the captains and the trumpets by the king. All the people…
  • 2 Chronicles 23:16 (v3) Jehoiada made a covenant between himself, all the people, and the king, that they should be Yahweh’s people.
  • 2 Chronicles 29:10 (v3) Now it is in my heart to make a covenant with Yahweh, the God of Israel, that his fierce anger may turn away from us.
  • 2 Chronicles 29:20 (v1) Then Hezekiah the king arose early, gathered the princes of the city, and went up to Yahweh’s house.
  • 2 Chronicles 30:2 (v1) For the king had taken counsel with his princes and all the assembly in Jerusalem to keep the Passover in the second month.
  • 2 Chronicles 34:31-33 (v3) The king stood in his place, and made a covenant before Yahweh, to walk after Yahweh, and to keep his commandments, and his testimonies,…
  • Ezra 10:3 (v3) Now therefore let’s make a covenant with our God to put away all the wives, and those who are born of them, according to the counsel of my…
  • Nehemiah 8:1-8 (v2) All the people gathered themselves together as one man into the wide place that was in front of the water gate; and they spoke to Ezra the…
  • Nehemiah 9:3 (v2) They stood up in their place, and read in the book of the law of Yahweh their God a fourth part of the day; and a fourth part they…
  • Nehemiah 9:38 (v3) Yet for all this, we make a sure covenant, and write it; and our princes, our Levites, and our priests, seal it.”
  • Nehemiah 10:28-39 (v3) The rest of the people, the priests, the Levites, the gatekeepers, the singers, the temple servants, and all those who had separated…
  • Nehemiah 13:1 (v2) On that day they read in the book of Moses in the hearing of the people; and it was found written in it that an Ammonite and a Moabite…
  • Esther 1:5 (v2) When these days were fulfilled, the king made a seven day feast for all the people who were present in Susa the palace, both great and…
  • Job 3:19 (v2) The small and the great are there. The servant is free from his master.
  • Psalms 19:7-9 (v3) Yahweh’s law is perfect, restoring the soul. Yahweh’s covenant is sure, making wise the simple. Yahweh’s precepts are right, rejoicing the…
  • Psalms 115:13 (v2) He will bless those who fear Yahweh, both small and great.
  • Ecclesiastes 8:2 (v3) I say, “Keep the king’s command!” because of the oath to God.
  • Jeremiah 4:2 (v3) and you will swear, ‘As Yahweh lives,’ in truth, in justice, and in righteousness. The nations will bless themselves in him, and they will…
  • Jeremiah 50:5 (v3) They will inquire concerning Zion with their faces turned toward it, saying, ‘Come, and join yourselves to Yahweh in an everlasting…
  • Matthew 22:36-37 (v3) “Teacher, which is the greatest commandment in the law?” Jesus said to him, “ ‘You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, with…
  • Acts 26:22 (v2) Having therefore obtained the help that is from God, I stand to this day testifying both to small and great, saying nothing but what the…
  • Hebrews 8:8-13 (v3) For finding fault with them, he said, “Behold, the days come”, says the Lord, “that I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and…
  • Hebrews 12:24 (v3) to Jesus, the mediator of a new covenant, and to the blood of sprinkling that speaks better than that of Abel.
  • Hebrews 13:20 (v3) Now may the God of peace, who brought again from the dead the great shepherd of the sheep with the blood of an eternal covenant, our Lord…
  • 2 Samuel 6:1 (v1) David again gathered together all the chosen men of Israel, thirty thousand.

Cross-references from openbible.info (CC BY 4.0)

Explain this passage (23 sources)

Historical commentary, presented as a primary source — not an endorsement.

Geneva Bible translators 1599 · Public Domain On vv1, 3 Because he saw the great plagues of God that…

Because he saw the great plagues of God that were threatened, he knew no more speedy way to avoid them, than to turn to God by repentance which cannot come but of faith, and faith by hearing of the word of God.

Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain.

John Trapp 1656 · Public Domain On vv1–3 2Ki 23:1 And the king sent, and they gathered…
Matthew Poole 1685 · Public Domain On vv1–3 The chief governors both of church and state.
Matthew Henry 1710 · Public Domain On v1 Josiah had received a message from God that there…
John Gill 1763 · Public Domain On vv1–3 And the king sent, and they gathered unto him…
John Wesley 1765 · Public Domain On vv1–3 Josiah reads the law to all the people, ver.…
Adam Clarke 1810 · Public Domain On vv1–3 Josiah reads in the temple to the elders of…
Joseph Benson 1811 · Public Domain On vv1–3 2Ki 23:1. The king sent and gathered unto him…
Albert Barnes 1834 · Public Domain On vv2–3 The prophets - The suggestion to regard this word…
Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary 1859 · Public Domain On vv2–3 Prophets. Chaldean, "scribes." But there were many prophets at…
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown 1871 · Public Domain On vv2–3 he read in their ears--that is, "caused to be…
Daniel D. Whedon 1874 · Public Domain On vv1–3 THE GREAT REFORMATION UNDER JOSIAH, 2Ki_23:1-25.
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges 1878 · Public Domain On vv1–3 Chap. 2Ki_23:1-14. Josiah’s covenant to serve the Lord. Destruction…
Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers 1878 · Public Domain On vv1–3 (1) They gathered.—The right reading is probably that of…
The Pulpit Commentary 1880 · Public Domain On vv1–3 Vers. 1-37. JOSIAH"S RENEWAL OF THE COVENANT. HIS REFORMS…
The Biblical Illustrator 1887 · Public Domain On vv1–2 And the King sent, and they gathered unto him…
The Preacher's Complete Homiletical Commentary 1892 · Public Domain On v1 2Ki_23:1. The king sent and gathered all the elders…
The Sermon Bible 1900 · Public Domain On v1 2Ki 23:3-4, 2Ki 23:25-26
J. R. Dummelow 1909 · Public Domain On v1 Religious Reform. Josiah's Death
Arno C. Gaebelein 1922 · Public Domain On v1 2. The Results of the Revival and the Death…
Paul E. Kretzmann 1924 · Public Domain On v1 The Covenant Renewed
unfoldingWord translationNotes 2017 · CC BY-SA 4.0 On vv1, 3 all the men of Judah and all the inhabitants…
Tyndale Open Study Notes 2022 · CC BY-SA 4.0 On vv1, 3 23:1-2 In the spirit of the instructions of Deuteronomy…
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