If there is a young lady who is a virgin pledged to be married to a husband, and a man finds her in the city, and lies with her,
Parallel Translations
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If there is a young lady who is a virgin pledged to be married to a husband, and a man finds her in the city, and lies with her,
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If a damsel that is a virgin be betrothed unto an husband, and a man find her in the city, and lie with her;
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If there be a damsel that is a virgin betrothed unto a man, and a man find her in the city, and lie with her;
Examined in Scripture Analysis
Contradictions (1)
Questions where the Bible appears to say two different things, with the passages on each side set together.
Cross-references (2)
Passages linked to Deuteronomy 22:23 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge, ordered by reader-vote popularity; verse text shown in World English Bible.
- Matthew 1:18-19 Now the birth of Jesus Christ was like this: After his mother, Mary, was engaged to Joseph, before they came together, she was found pregnant by the Holy Spirit. Joseph, her husband, being a righteous man, and not willing to make her a public example, intended to put her away secretly.
- Deuteronomy 20:7 What man is there who has pledged to be married to a wife, and has not taken her? Let him go and return to his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man take her.”
Cross-references from openbible.info (CC BY 4.0)
Explain this verse (6 sources)
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Matthew Poole 1685 · Public Domain By this betrothing she had actually engaged herself to…
By this betrothing she had actually engaged herself to another man, and was in some sort his with, and therefore is sometimes so called, as Gen 29:21; Mat 1:20.
Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
John Gill 1763 · Public Domain Then ye shall bring them both out unto the…
Then ye shall bring them both out unto the gate of the city,.... Where the fact was committed; the Targum of Jonathan is,"to the gate of the court of judicature, which is in that city:"
and ye shall stone them with stones, that they die; a man that lay with a married woman, he and she were to be strangled; but this sort of adulterers and adulteresses were to be stoned, and it is thought that of this sort was the woman spoken of in Joh 8:3,
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the damsel because she cried not, being in the city, and the man because he hath humbled his neighbour's wife; as she was by espousal, by contract, by promise, and so was guilty of adultery, which was punishable with death:
so thou shall put away evil from among you; see Deu 22:21.
John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary 1859 · Public Domain
CHAPTER XXII.
George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges 1878 · Public Domain 23. betrothed] see on Deu_20:7.
23. betrothed] see on Deu_20:7.
in the city] Cp. Deu_22:24. In the city she would have been heard had she cried, but as she did not she must have been a consenting party.
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23–27. Of Intercourse with a Betrothed Virgin: (1) Deu_22:23 f., with her consent, in which case both she and the man are stoned, as in the case of Adultery (Deu_22:22), for the bride-price having been paid at betrothal the woman is as good as married (Gen_29:21, Joe_1:8); (2) Deu_22:25-27, without her consent, in which case the man alone dies and nothing is done to the woman. These two laws are peculiar to D. Note in Deu_22:24 the Pl. address, and also in Deu_22:26 according to Sam. LXX, but Heb. has here the Sg.
For such cases Ḫammurabi has but one law, § 130: If a man has ravished another’s betrothed, who is virgin, while still in her father’s house, and has been caught in the act, that man shall die, but the woman go free. Among the Arabs if the woman is unmarried her relatives are not obliged to kill her, but no one may marry her (Musil, Ethn. Ber. 210).
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers 1878 · Public Domain Deu_22:23-27. PURITY OF THE BETROTHED.
Deu_22:23-27. PURITY OF THE BETROTHED.
(24) His neighbour’s wife.—It is evident from the language of this precept that a betrothed virgin in Israel is regarded as a wife. The man who humbles her “hath humbled his neighbour’s wife.” This illustrates the language of Matthew 1 Joseph, when Mary was found with child, sought to put her away (as though she were already his wife). The angel said to him, “Joseph, thou son of David, fear not to take unto thee Mary thy wife.” He “took unto him his wife.” From the construction of this law it follows that Jesus was the son of Joseph, according to the Scripture. The Evangelists do not seem to think it worth while to prove that He was the son of David except through his father (in law).
A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
unfoldingWord translationNotes 2017 · CC BY-SA 4.0 General Information:
General Information:
Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word "you" is singular. (See: Forms of You)
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engaged to a man
"who is promised to marry a man"
take ... and stone
These commands are addressed to Israel as a group and so are plural. (See: Forms of You)
take both of them
"then you must bring both the girl and the man who slept with her"
because she did not cry out
"because she did not call for help"
because he violated his neighbor's wife
The Israelites at that time thought of a man and woman who had engaged each other for marriage as husband and wife. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. AT: "because he slept with a girl who belongs to a fellow Israelite" (See: Assumed Knowledge and Implicit Information)
you will remove the evil from among you
The adjective "evil" can be translated as a noun phrase. AT: "you must remove from among the Israelites the person who does this evil thing" or "you must execute this evil person" (See: Nominal Adjectives)
translationWords
virgin
gate
stone
die
evil
unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.