If a man finds a lady who is a virgin, who is not pledged to be married, grabs her and lies with her, and they are found,
Parallel Translations
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If a man finds a lady who is a virgin, who is not pledged to be married, grabs her and lies with her, and they are found,
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If a man find a damsel that is a virgin, which is not betrothed, and lay hold on her, and lie with her, and they be found;
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If a man find a damsel that is a virgin, that is not betrothed, and lay hold on her, and lie with her, and they be found;
Examined in Scripture Analysis
Commandments (1)
The laws of the Torah, each cited and shown as a primary source.
Cross-references (1)
Passages linked to Deuteronomy 22:28 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge, ordered by reader-vote popularity; verse text shown in World English Bible.
- Exodus 22:16-17 “If a man entices a virgin who isn’t pledged to be married, and lies with her, he shall surely pay a dowry for her to be his wife. If her father utterly refuses to give her to him, he shall pay money according to the dowry of virgins.
Cross-references from openbible.info (CC BY 4.0)
Explain this verse (5 sources)
Historical commentary, presented as a primary source — not an endorsement.
Private notes
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Matthew Poole 1685 · Public Domain i.e. An unmarried man, as appears,
i.e. An unmarried man, as appears,
1. From his obligation to marry the person he abused, which it is not probable would have been imposed upon him, had he been married.
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2. Because if the man had been married, this had been adultery, and so had been punished with death. Lay hold on her; which notes some kind of force or artifice, whereby she was overpowered; whereas Exo 22:16, she was enticed, which implies consent, and therefore the man doth here receive a greater punishment, because he used hostile violence towards her, which was the greater sin.
Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
John Gill 1763 · Public Domain Then the man that lay with her shall give…
Then the man that lay with her shall give unto the damsel's father fifty shekels of silver, For the abuse of his daughter; and besides this was obliged to give her her dowry also, as Philo (d) says, which is commonly said to be fifty more:
and she shall be his wife; if her father and she agreed to it; and in such a case the man was not at his liberty to refuse, be she what she would, agreeable or not, handsome or ugly; he must, as the Jews express it, drink out of his pot, or marry her, if she is lame, or blind, or full of ulcers (e):
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because he hath humbled her he may not put her away all his days: to all the other parts of his punishment, paying a fine of fifty shekels to the damsel's father, a dowry of the same sum to her, obligation to marry her whether he likes her or not, this is added, that he is not allowed to divorce her as long as he lives; which was permitted to other men, and this was wisely ordered to preserve chastity.
(d) De Special. Leg. p. 787. (e) Misn. Cetubot, c. 3. sect. 5.
John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges 1878 · Public Domain 28, 29. Of Intercourse with a Virgin not Betrothed.…
28, 29. Of Intercourse with a Virgin not Betrothed. The man shall pay a bride-price (see on Deu_22:22) and marry her without power of divorce. For seduction E, Exo_22:16 f., exacts the bride-price but the father may refuse his daughter to the man. Among the Tiyâha Arabs the seducer of a woman pays the blood-price of two men; if he will marry her he must furnish the full bride-price (Musil, Ethn. Ber. 210).
lay hold on her] Not the same vb as in Deu_22:25, usually explained as rape, but this is not certain.
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and he be found] So LXX. Heb. they is due to dittography.
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers 1878 · Public Domain See Exo_22:16-17. The sin of seduction before marriage is…
Deu_22:28-29.—SEDUCTION.
See Exo_22:16-17. The sin of seduction before marriage is punished by a heavy fine. We have recently amended our own laws in the direction of this very precept. But the fact that marriage was made compulsory in these cases makes the Law stricter still. It seems, however, from Exo_22:17, that the girl’s father might forbid the marriage, though the seducer could not escape from it in any other way.
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(30) See Lev_18:7. A principle, not merely a precept, is implied here, as appears by the details of Leviticus 18
A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
unfoldingWord translationNotes 2017 · CC BY-SA 4.0 but who is not engaged
but who is not engaged
"but whose parents have not promised another man that she will marry him"
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if they are discovered
This can be stated in active form. AT: "if somebody finds out what happened" (See: Active or Passive)
fifty shekels of silver
A shekel weighs eleven grams. AT: "fifty pieces of silver" or "550 grams of silver" (See: Biblical Money and Numbers)
He may not send her away during all his days
This is an idiom. AT: "He must never divorce her during his entire life" (See: Idiom)
translationWords
virgin
silver
humiliate
send
day
unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.