Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh, but Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he didn’t let the children of Israel go out of his land.
Parallel Translations
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Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh, but Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he didn’t let the children of Israel go out of his land.
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And Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh: and the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, so that he would not let the children of Israel go out of his land.
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And Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh; and the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he did not let the children of Israel go out of his land.
Examined in Scripture Analysis
Contradictions (1)
Questions where the Bible appears to say two different things, with the passages on each side set together.
Cross-references (9)
Passages linked to Exodus 11:10 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge, ordered by reader-vote popularity; verse text shown in World English Bible.
- Exodus 4:21 Yahweh said to Moses, “When you go back into Egypt, see that you do before Pharaoh all the wonders which I have put in your hand, but I will harden his heart and he will not let the people go.
- Exodus 10:20 But Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he didn’t let the children of Israel go.
- Exodus 10:27 But Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he wouldn’t let them go.
- Exodus 7:13-14 Pharaoh’s heart was hardened, and he didn’t listen to them, as Yahweh had spoken. Yahweh said to Moses, “Pharaoh’s heart is stubborn. He refuses to let the people go.
- Deuteronomy 2:30 But Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass by him; for Yahweh your God hardened his spirit and made his heart obstinate, that he might deliver him into your hand, as it is today.
- 1 Samuel 6:6 Why then do you harden your hearts as the Egyptians and Pharaoh hardened their hearts? When he had worked wonderfully among them, didn’t they let the people go, and they departed?
- Job 9:4 God who is wise in heart, and mighty in strength: who has hardened himself against him and prospered?
- Romans 2:4-5 Or do you despise the riches of his goodness, forbearance, and patience, not knowing that the goodness of God leads you to repentance? But according to your hardness and unrepentant heart you are treasuring up for yourself wrath in the day of wrath, revelation, and of the righteous judgment of God;
- Romans 9:22 What if God, willing to show his wrath and to make his power known, endured with much patience vessels of wrath prepared for destruction,
Cross-references from openbible.info (CC BY 4.0)
Explain this verse (5 sources)
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John Trapp 1656 · Public Domain Exo 11:10 And Moses and Aaron did all these…
Exo 11:10 And Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh: and the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, so that he would not let the children of Israel go out of his land.
Ver. 10. Did all these wonders.] But all was worse than spilt upon him: he was even set in sin, and resolved never to remove. God had a hand in it.
John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
John Gill 1763 · Public Domain And Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before…
And Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh, Which are related in the preceding chapters:
and the Lord hardened Pharaoh's heart: one time after another, and yet more and more:
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so that he would not let the children of Israel go out of his land; until the last plague, the slaying of the firstborn, was brought upon him and his people, related in the following chapter.
Next: Exodus Chapter 12
John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary 1859 · Public Domain The Lord hardened, &c. See the annotations above, chap.…
The Lord hardened, &c. See the annotations above, chap. iv. 21, and chap. vii. 3.
George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges 1878 · Public Domain 10. these portents] The ‘portents’ described before in P…
10. these portents] The ‘portents’ described before in P (Exo_7:8-13, and the ‘plagues’ narrated by P), not those referred to in v. 9. ‘It is only in P that Moses and Aaron do the signs, and that before Pharaoh, Exo_7:9, Exo_9:8’ (Di.).
but Jehovah hardened, &c., emphasizing the fact that the portents had had no effect upon the Pharaoh. Cf. p. 53 f.
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hardened] lit. made strong: P’s expression (see on Exo_7:13).
did not let, &c.] cf. Exo_6:11 b, Exo_7:2 b (both P).
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Pulpit Commentary 1880 · Public Domain Moses and Aaron did all these plagues before Pharaoh.…
Moses and Aaron did all these plagues before Pharaoh. Aaron"s agency is not always mentioned, and seems to have been less marked in the later than in the earlier miracles, Moses gradually gaining self-reliance. In passing from the subject of the plagues wrought by the two brothers, it may be useful to give a synopsis of them, distinguishing those which came without warning from those which were announced beforehand, and noting, where possible, their actual worker, their duration, their physical source, and the hurt which they did.
Plagues. Announced Actual Duration. Physical Hurt which they did. or Not. Worker. Source.
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1. Riverannounced Aaron 7 days water annoyance to man and beast. turned into blood
2. Frogs unknown annoyance to man
3. Mosquitoes not (dust of annoyance to man and beast the earth)
4. Beetles announced God air(?) annoyance and loss to man
5. Murrain
6. Boils not Moses (ashes of suffering to man and beast the furnace)
7. Hail announced air loss to man
8. Locusts east wind
9. Darkness not do 3 days air(?) annoyance and horror to man
The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.