I will make you swear by Yahweh, the God of heaven and the God of the earth, that you shall not take a wife for my son of the daughters of the Canaanites, among whom I live. But you shall go to my country, and to my relatives, and take a wife for my son Isaac.”
Show the surrounding paragraph
Genesis 24:3-4 sits inside this longer paragraph.
Abraham was old, and well advanced in age. Yahweh had blessed Abraham in all things. Abraham said to his servant, the elder of his house, who ruled over all that he had, “Please put your hand under my thigh. I will make you swear by Yahweh, the God of heaven and the God of the earth, that you shall not take a wife for my son of the daughters of the Canaanites, among whom I live. But you shall go to my country, and to my relatives, and take a wife for my son Isaac.”
Parallel Translations
-
I will make you swear by Yahweh, the God of heaven and the God of the earth, that you shall not take a wife for my son of the daughters of the Canaanites, among whom I live.
But you shall go to my country, and to my relatives, and take a wife for my son Isaac.”
-
And I will make thee swear by the LORD, the God of heaven, and the God of the earth, that thou shalt not take a wife unto my son of the daughters of the Canaanites, among whom I dwell:
But thou shalt go unto my country, and to my kindred, and take a wife unto my son Isaac.
Show all 3 translations
-
And I will make thee swear by the LORD, the God of heaven and the God of the earth, that thou shalt not take a wife for my son of the daughters of the Canaanites, among whom I dwell.
But thou shalt go unto my country, and to my kindred, and take a wife for my son, even for Isaac.'
Cross-references (42)
- Genesis 26:34-35 (v3) When Esau was forty years old, he took as wife Judith, the daughter of Beeri the Hittite, and Basemath, the daughter of Elon the Hittite.…
- 2 Corinthians 6:14-17 (v3) Don’t be unequally yoked with unbelievers, for what fellowship do righteousness and iniquity have? Or what fellowship does light have with…
- Genesis 28:8 (v3) Esau saw that the daughters of Canaan didn’t please Isaac, his father.
- Deuteronomy 7:3-4 (v3) You shall not make marriages with them. You shall not give your daughter to his son, nor shall you take his daughter for your son. For that…
- Nehemiah 13:25 (v3) I contended with them, and cursed them, and struck certain of them, and plucked off their hair, and made them swear by God, “You shall not…
Show all 42 cross-references
- Genesis 10:15-19 (v3) Canaan became the father of Sidon (his firstborn), Heth, the Jebusites, the Amorites, the Girgashites, the Hivites, the Arkites, the…
- Genesis 28:2 (v4) Arise, go to Paddan Aram, to the house of Bethuel your mother’s father. Take a wife from there from the daughters of Laban, your mother’s…
- Exodus 34:16 (v3) and you take of their daughters to your sons, and their daughters play the prostitute after their gods, and make your sons play the…
- 2 Kings 19:15 (v3) Hezekiah prayed before Yahweh, and said, “Yahweh, the God of Israel, who are enthroned above the cherubim, you are the God, even you alone,…
- Jeremiah 10:11 (v3) “You shall say this to them: ‘The gods that have not made the heavens and the earth will perish from the earth, and from under the…
- 1 Corinthians 7:39 (v3) A wife is bound by law for as long as her husband lives; but if the husband is dead, she is free to be married to whomever she desires,…
- Genesis 6:2 (v3) God’s sons saw that men’s daughters were beautiful, and they took any that they wanted for themselves as wives.
- Genesis 6:4 (v3) The Nephilim were in the earth in those days, and also after that, when God’s sons came in to men’s daughters and had children with them.…
- Genesis 14:19 (v3) He blessed him, and said, “Blessed be Abram of God Most High, possessor of heaven and earth.
- Genesis 21:23 (v3) Now, therefore, swear to me here by God that you will not deal falsely with me, nor with my son, nor with my son’s son. But according to…
- Genesis 27:46–28:2 (v3) Rebekah said to Isaac, “I am weary of my life because of the daughters of Heth. If Jacob takes a wife of the daughters of Heth, such as…
- Genesis 31:44-53 (v3) Now come, let’s make a covenant, you and I. Let it be for a witness between me and you.” Jacob took a stone, and set it up for a pillar.…
- Genesis 50:25 (v3) Joseph took an oath from the children of Israel, saying, “God will surely visit you, and you shall carry up my bones from here.”
- Exodus 20:7 (v3) “You shall not misuse the name of Yahweh your God, for Yahweh will not hold him guiltless who misuses his name.
- Exodus 23:13 (v3) “Be careful to do all things that I have said to you; and don’t invoke the name of other gods or even let them be heard out of your mouth.
- Numbers 5:21 (v3) then the priest shall cause the woman to swear with the oath of cursing, and the priest shall tell the woman, “May Yahweh make you a curse…
- Deuteronomy 6:13 (v3) You shall fear Yahweh your God; and you shall serve him, and shall swear by his name.
- Deuteronomy 10:20 (v3) You shall fear Yahweh your God. You shall serve him. You shall cling to him, and you shall swear by his name.
- Joshua 2:12 (v3) Now therefore, please swear to me by Yahweh, since I have dealt kindly with you, that you also will deal kindly with my father’s house, and…
- 2 Chronicles 2:12 (v3) Huram continued, “Blessed be Yahweh, the God of Israel, who made heaven and earth, who has given to David the king a wise son, endowed with…
- Nehemiah 9:6 (v3) You are Yahweh, even you alone. You have made heaven, the heaven of heavens, with all their army, the earth and all things that are on it,…
- Genesis 11:25–12:1 (v4) Nahor lived one hundred nineteen years after he became the father of Terah, and became the father of more sons and daughters. Terah lived…
- Genesis 12:7 (v4) Yahweh appeared to Abram and said, “I will give this land to your offspring.” He built an altar there to Yahweh, who had appeared to him.
- Genesis 14:22 (v3) Abram said to the king of Sodom, “I have lifted up my hand to Yahweh, God Most High, possessor of heaven and earth,
- Genesis 22:20-23 (v4) After these things, Abraham was told, “Behold, Milcah, she also has borne children to your brother Nahor: Uz his firstborn, Buz his…
- Genesis 26:28-31 (v3) They said, “We saw plainly that Yahweh was with you. We said, ‘Let there now be an oath between us, even between us and you, and let’s make…
- Exodus 22:11 (v3) the oath of Yahweh shall be between them both, he has not put his hand on his neighbor’s goods; and its owner shall accept it, and he shall…
- Leviticus 19:12 (v3) “ ‘You shall not swear by my name falsely, and profane the name of your God. I am Yahweh.
- 1 Samuel 20:17 (v3) Jonathan caused David to swear again, for the love that he had to him; for he loved him as he loved his own soul.
- Psalms 115:15 (v3) Blessed are you by Yahweh, who made heaven and earth.
- Isaiah 45:23 (v3) I have sworn by myself. The word has gone out of my mouth in righteousness, and will not be revoked, that to me every knee shall bow, every…
- Isaiah 65:16 (v3) so that he who blesses himself in the earth will bless himself in the God of truth; and he who swears in the earth will swear by the God of…
- Jeremiah 4:2 (v3) and you will swear, ‘As Yahweh lives,’ in truth, in justice, and in righteousness. The nations will bless themselves in him, and they will…
- Jeremiah 12:16 (v3) It will happen, if they will diligently learn the ways of my people, to swear by my name, ‘As Yahweh lives;’ even as they taught my people…
- Zephaniah 1:5 (v3) those who worship the army of the sky on the housetops, those who worship and swear by Yahweh and also swear by Malcam,
- Isaiah 48:1 (v3) “Hear this, house of Jacob, you who are called by the name of Israel, and have come out of the waters of Judah. You swear by Yahweh’s name,…
- Hebrews 6:16 (v3) For men indeed swear by a greater one, and in every dispute of theirs the oath is final for confirmation.
Cross-references from openbible.info (CC BY 4.0)
Explain this passage (12 sources)
Historical commentary, presented as a primary source — not an endorsement.
Private notes
Saved on this device only — never synced or sent anywhere.
John Calvin 1540 · Public Domain On vv3–4 3. That thou shalt not take a wife. The…
3. That thou shalt not take a wife. The kind of discipline which prevailed in Abraham’s house is here apparent. Although this man was but a servant, yet, because he was put in authority by the master of the family, his servile condition did not prevent him from being next in authority to his lord; so that Isaac himself, the heir and successor of Abraham, submitted to his direction. To such an extent did the authority of Abraham and reverence for him prevail, that when he substituted a servant in his place, he caused this servant, by his mere will or word, to exercise a power which other masters of families find it difficult to retain for themselves. The modesty also of Isaac, who suffered himself to be governed by a servant, is obvious; for it would have been in vain for Abraham to enter into engagements with his servant, had he not been persuaded that his son would prove submissive and tractable. It here appears what great veneration he cherished towards his father; because Abraham, relying on Isaac’s obedience, confidently calls his servant to him. Now this example should be taken by us as a common rule, to show that it is not lawful for the children of a family to contract marriage, except with the consent of parents; and certainly natural equity dictates that, in a matter of such importance, children should depend upon the will of their parents. How detestable, therefore, is the barbarity of the Pope, who has dared to burst this sacred bond asunder! Wherefore the wantonness of youths is to be restrained, that they may not rashly contract nuptials without consulting their fathers.
John Calvin's Commentaries (1540-1563) — public domain. Text from the Calvin Translation Society English edition (1840s-50s) via the Christian Classics Ethereal Library (ccel.org). Calvin's coverage is partial (roughly two-thirds of the Bible); uncommented books and verses are honest gaps, never fabricated. The 19th-century editor's footnotes and remarks are omitted so the notes are faithfully Calvin's own voice.
Geneva Bible translators 1599 · Public Domain On vv3–4 This showeth that an oath may be required in…
This showeth that an oath may be required in a lawful cause.
Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain.
John Trapp 1656 · Public Domain On vv3–4 Gen 24:3 And I will make thee swear by…
Gen 24:3 And I will make thee swear by the LORD, the God of heaven, and the God of the earth, that thou shalt not take a wife unto my son of the daughters of the Canaanites, among whom I dwell:
Ver. 3. I will make thee swear by the Lord.] Who alone is the proper object of an oath. {Isa 65:16} Howbeit, in lawful contracts with an infidel or idolater, we may allow such oaths, whereby they swear by false gods; as those of old, that swore by God and Malcom; and the Turks’ great oath now-a-days is, By the immortal God, and by the four hundred prophets, by Mohammed, by his father’s soul, by his own children, and by the sword wherewith he is girt, &c. {a}
Read full note →
That thou shalt not take a wife unto my son, &c.] Lest they should "turn away" his heart "from following God," {Deu 7:3-4} as those "foreign wives" did Solomon, {Neh 13:26} whom therefore God Almighty punished both in himself and his successor Rehoboam, his only son (that we read of) by so many wives and concubines; and he was none of the wisest, nor happiest: tam auspicata sunt coniugia contra Dei legem contracta, saith the divine chronologer. "Be not unequally yoked," {2Co 6:14} therefore, with any untamed heifer that bears not Christ’s yoke. If religion be any other than a cipher, how dare we disregard it in our most important choice? I wish Manoah could speak so loud, saith a reverend divine, {b} that all our Israelites might hear him. "Is there never a woman among the daughters of thy brethren, or among all God’s people, that thou goest to take a wife of the uncircumcised Philistines?" {Jdg 14:3} What is the reason the Pope will not dispense in Spain or Italy, if a Papist marry a Protestant (yet here they will); but in hope to draw more to them? For they well know what power wives many times get over their husbands, as Jezebel did over Ahab; the hen was suffered to crow, and all went as she would have it. And therefore the Legates in the Council of Trent were blamed for allowing the article of priests’ marriage to be disputed, as dangerous, {c} because it is plain that married priests will turn their affections and love to wife and children; and, by consequence, to their house and country. So that the strict dependence that the clergy hath upon the apostolic See would cease: and to grant marriage to priests would destroy the ecclesiastical hierarchy, and make the Pope to be Bishop of Rome only.
{a} Turk. Hist., 345.
{b} Dr Hall
{c} History of Council of Trent. 680.
John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Matthew Poole 1685 · Public Domain On vv3–4 i.e. Not persuade nor engage my son to take;…
i.e. Not persuade nor engage my son to take; for Isaac, though forty years old, was not only willing to be governed by his father in this affair, but also to hearken to the counsel of this wise and faithful servant, of whom both his father and himself had such long and large experience. He knew that
the Canaanites were not only gross idolaters and heinous sinners, for so many others were; but that they were a people under God's peculiar curse, Gen 9:25, and devoted to extirpation and utter destruction, which was to be inflicted upon them by Abraham's posterity; and therefore to marry his son to such persons had been a high degree of self-murder, whereby the holy and blessed seed had been in danger of great infection from them, and utter ruin with them. And Abraham's practice was afterwards justified by God, who hath oft showed his dislike of such unequal matches of his people with those infidels and idolaters, by severe prohibitions and sharp censures. See Exo 34:16; Deu 7:3; Jos 23:12; Ezr 9:1-3; Neh 13:23-25; 2Co 6:14-15.
Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
John Gill 1763 · Public Domain On vv3–4 And I will make thee swear by the Lord,…
And I will make thee swear by the Lord, the God of heaven, and the God of earth,.... The Maker and possessor of heaven and earth, by whom Abraham used to swear whenever he did, and by whom only men should swear, see Gen 14:22. The Targum of Jonathan is,"I will make thee swear by the name of the Word of the Lord God,''which strengthens the sense given of the rite before observed:
that thou wilt not take a wife unto my son of the daughters of the Canaanites, among whom I dwell; these being not only idolaters, and very wicked people, degenerated yet more and more, but were the seed of the accursed Canaan; and who in process of time would be dispossessed of the land, and be destroyed. Now though Isaac was forty years of age, and one would think at an age sufficient to have chosen a wife for himself; but as Abraham knew that he had a great respect for this servant, and would be influenced by him in such a choice, and especially as this affair was now about to be committed to his care, and no doubt with the consent of Isaac, therefore he thus charges and adjures him.
John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
Adam Clarke 1810 · Public Domain On vv3–4 Verse 3. I will make thee swear] See Clarke…
Verse 3. I will make thee swear] See Clarke on Ge 24:9.
Of the Canaanites] Because these had already been devoted to slavery, &c., and it would have been utterly inconsistent as well with prudence as with the design of God to have united the child and heir of the promise with one who was under a curse, though that curse might be considered to be only of a political nature. See the curse of Canaan, Ge 9:25.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
Joseph Benson 1811 · Public Domain On v3 Gen 24:3. I will make thee swear — This…
Gen 24:3. I will make thee swear — This was both for Abraham’s own satisfaction, and to engage his servant to all possible care and diligence in this important business. Thus God swears his servants to their work, that, having sworn, they may perform it. By the Lord, (Hebrews Jehovah,) the God of heaven and the God of earth — Observe with what reverence Abraham speaks of God, and with what solemnity this oath is administered and taken! And see how careful Abraham is that his son should not marry one of corrupt principles and manners. He was in such high esteem among the Canaanites, that, undoubtedly, he could have married Isaac to a daughter of one of the princes of the land. But he saw that the Canaanites were degenerating into great wickedness, and knew that they were designed for ruin; and he would not marry his son among them, lest they should be a snare to his soul. To obtain for him, as a partner in life, a person of piety and virtue, is his chief, if not his sole concern, and therefore he sends even to a distant country for such a one. Alas! how different is this from the conduct of many! Wealth and dignity are the chief objects they fix their thoughts on in marrying their children. They seek not in their choice those that are sincere and devout worshippers of God, but those who have the largest possessions; not those rich in good works, but those rich in the world. And this, perhaps, is one chief and principal cause of the great corruption of manners among us.
Joseph Benson's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary 1859 · Public Domain On v4 Country. Huran, where Abraham had dwelt with Thare, &c.…
Country. Huran, where Abraham had dwelt with Thare, &c. There Nachor’s family still resided, and had more respect for the true God than the Chanaanites, (Haydock) though they gave way to some sort of idolatry. (Menochius) --- Hence Abraham was in hopes that a partner worthy of Isaac might be found among his relations, better than among those devoted nations; and thus he has left an instruction to all parents, to be solicitous for the real welfare of their children; and to dissuade them earnestly from marrying with infidels; a thing which God forbade in the old law, as the Church still does in the new. (Haydock)
George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown 1871 · Public Domain On v3 thou shalt not take a wife, &c.--Among pastoral tribes…
thou shalt not take a wife, &c.--Among pastoral tribes the matrimonial arrangements are made by the parents, and a youth must marry, not among strangers, but in his own tribe--custom giving him a claim, which is seldom or never resisted, to the hand of his first cousin. But Abraham had a far higher motive--a fear lest, if his son married into a Canaanitish family, he might be gradually led away from the true God.
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
Daniel D. Whedon 1874 · Public Domain On v3 3. Swear by the Lord — To the sacredness…
3. Swear by the Lord — To the sacredness of the manner of the oath is added the solemnity of this use of the holy NAME. This servant must swear by Jehovah, God of the heavens and God of the earth. Thus Abraham puts him under the most solemn oath that could then bind the conscience of a man.
Not… of the Canaanites — Lot’s case might have been a sufficient warning, and the idolatries and growing iniquity of the Amorites, though not yet full, (Gen_15:16,) were plainly such as to show the pious patriarch the fearful danger of matrimonial alliances with them. Here we note the ancient enforcing of the principle of the apostolic precept: “Be ye not unequally yoked together with unbelievers.” 2Co_6:14. What sorrows and soul-losses have followed from such unhallowed unions!
Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges 1878 · Public Domain On vv3–4 3. the God of heaven … earth] This solemn…
3. the God of heaven … earth] This solemn title of Jehovah as God of the whole universe is more common in later Hebrew writings; cf. Ezr_5:11. This form of adjuration indicates the conviction of the writer that the God of the Hebrews was the God of the whole world, not merely of a particular locality or nation: compare Gen_18:25. No change of country, no lapse of time, would constitute an exemption from the binding character of the oath.
of the daughters of the Canaanites] The dread of the marriage of an Israelite with a Canaanite which is found here, is also expressed in Gen_26:34-35, Gen_27:46; Exo_34:16; Deu_7:3; Ezr_9:2. For “Canaanite,” cf. Gen_10:18-19, Gen_12:6, Gen_13:7 (J).
Read full note →
Religious feeling underlies this prohibition. The purity of the Hebrew race is to be maintained. Intermarriage would involve participation in religious rites. Separateness would give a corresponding freedom from moral contamination.
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Tyndale Open Study Notes 2022 · CC BY-SA 4.0 On v3 24:3 Isaac knew how wicked and threatening the local…
24:3 Isaac knew how wicked and threatening the local Canaanite people were, so he maintained separation from them (cp. 26:34-35; 27:46; 28:8-9).
Tyndale Open Study Notes — © Tyndale Open Resources, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API.