For through Yahweh’s voice the Assyrian will be dismayed. He will strike him with his rod. Every stroke of the rod of punishment, which Yahweh will lay on him, will be with the sound of tambourines and harps. He will fight with them in battles, brandishing weapons. For his burning place has long been ready. Yes, for the king it is prepared. He has made its pyre deep and large with fire and much wood. Yahweh’s breath, like a stream of sulfur, kindles it.
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Isaiah 30:31-33 sits inside this longer paragraph.
Behold, Yahweh’s name comes from far away, burning with his anger, and in thick rising smoke. His lips are full of indignation. His tongue is as a devouring fire. His breath is as an overflowing stream that reaches even to the neck, to sift the nations with the sieve of destruction. A bridle that leads to ruin will be in the jaws of the peoples. You will have a song, as in the night when a holy feast is kept, and gladness of heart, as when one goes with a flute to come to Yahweh’s mountain, to Israel’s Rock. Yahweh will cause his glorious voice to be heard, and will show the descent of his arm, with the indignation of his anger, and the flame of a devouring fire, with a blast, storm, and hailstones. For through Yahweh’s voice the Assyrian will be dismayed. He will strike him with his rod. Every stroke of the rod of punishment, which Yahweh will lay on him, will be with the sound of tambourines and harps. He will fight with them in battles, brandishing weapons. For his burning place has long been ready. Yes, for the king it is prepared. He has made its pyre deep and large with fire and much wood. Yahweh’s breath, like a stream of sulfur, kindles it.
Parallel Translations
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For through Yahweh’s voice the Assyrian will be dismayed. He will strike him with his rod.
Every stroke of the rod of punishment, which Yahweh will lay on him, will be with the sound of tambourines and harps. He will fight with them in battles, brandishing weapons.
For his burning place has long been ready. Yes, for the king it is prepared. He has made its pyre deep and large with fire and much wood. Yahweh’s breath, like a stream of sulfur, kindles it.
-
For through the voice of the LORD shall the Assyrian be beaten down, which smote with a rod.
And in every place where the grounded staff shall pass, which the LORD shall lay upon him, it shall be with tabrets and harps: and in battles of shaking will he fight with it.
For Tophet is ordained of old; yea, for the king it is prepared; he hath made it deep and large: the pile thereof is fire and much wood; the breath of the LORD, like a stream of brimstone, doth kindle it.
Show all 3 translations
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For through the voice of the LORD shall Asshur be dismayed, the rod with which He smote.
And in every place where the appointed staff shall pass, which the LORD shall lay upon him, it shall be with tabrets and harps; and in battles of wielding will He fight with them.
For a hearth is ordered of old; yea, for the king it is prepared, deep and large; the pile thereof is fire and much wood; the breath of the LORD, like a stream of brimstone, doth kindle it.
Cross-references (41)
- 2 Kings 23:10 (v33) He defiled Topheth, which is in the valley of the children of Hinnom, that no man might make his son or his daughter to pass through the…
- Genesis 19:24 (v33) Then Yahweh rained on Sodom and on Gomorrah sulfur and fire from Yahweh out of the sky.
- Jeremiah 19:6 (v33) Therefore, behold, the days come,” says Yahweh, “that this place will no more be called ‘Topheth’, nor ‘The Valley of the son of Hinnom’,…
- Hebrews 13:8 (v33) Jesus Christ is the same yesterday, today, and forever.
- 1 Peter 1:8 (v33) whom, not having known, you love. In him, though now you don’t see him, yet believing, you rejoice greatly with joy that is unspeakable and…
Show all 41 cross-references
- Isaiah 11:15 (v32) Yahweh will utterly destroy the tongue of the Egyptian sea; and with his scorching wind he will wave his hand over the River, and will…
- Jeremiah 7:31-32 (v33) They have built the high places of Topheth, which is in the valley of the son of Hinnom, to burn their sons and their daughters in the…
- Jeremiah 19:11-14 (v33) and shall tell them, ‘Yahweh of Armies says: “Even so I will break this people and this city, as one breaks a potter’s vessel, that can’t…
- Matthew 4:22 (v33) They immediately left the boat and their father, and followed him.
- Revelation 14:10-11 (v33) he also will drink of the wine of the wrath of God, which is prepared unmixed in the cup of his anger. He will be tormented with fire and…
- Revelation 19:18-20 (v33) that you may eat the flesh of kings, the flesh of captains, the flesh of mighty men, and the flesh of horses and of those who sit on them,…
- Psalms 81:1-2 (v32) Sing aloud to God, our strength! Make a joyful shout to the God of Jacob! Raise a song, and bring here the tambourine, the pleasant lyre…
- Isaiah 2:19 (v32) Men shall go into the caves of the rocks, and into the holes of the earth, from before the terror of Yahweh, and from the glory of his…
- Isaiah 9:4 (v31) For the yoke of his burden, and the staff of his shoulder, the rod of his oppressor, you have broken as in the day of Midian.
- Isaiah 10:5 (v31) Alas Assyrian, the rod of my anger, the staff in whose hand is my indignation!
- Isaiah 11:4 (v31) but he will judge the poor with righteousness, and decide with equity for the humble of the earth. He will strike the earth with the rod of…
- Isaiah 14:9-20 (v33) Sheol from beneath has moved for you to meet you at your coming. It stirs up the departed spirits for you, even all the rulers of the…
- Isaiah 19:16 (v32) In that day the Egyptians will be like women. They will tremble and fear because of the shaking of Yahweh of Armies’s hand, which he shakes…
- Isaiah 30:27-28 (v33) Behold, Yahweh’s name comes from far away, burning with his anger, and in thick rising smoke. His lips are full of indignation. His tongue…
- Isaiah 37:38 (v33) As he was worshiping in the house of Nisroch his god, Adrammelech and Sharezer his sons struck him with the sword; and they escaped into…
- Ezekiel 32:10 (v32) Yes, I will make many peoples amazed at you, and their kings will be horribly afraid for you, when I brandish my sword before them. They…
- Ezekiel 32:22-23 (v33) “Asshur is there with all her company. Her graves are all around her. All of them slain, fallen by the sword; whose graves are set in the…
- Micah 5:5-6 (v31) He will be our peace when Assyria invades our land, and when he marches through our fortresses, then we will raise against him seven…
- Matthew 18:8-9 (v33) If your hand or your foot causes you to stumble, cut it off, and cast it from you. It is better for you to enter into life maimed or…
- Matthew 25:41 (v33) Then he will say also to those on the left hand, ‘Depart from me, you cursed, into the eternal fire which is prepared for the devil and his…
- Jude 1:4 (v33) For there are certain men who crept in secretly, even those who were long ago written about for this condemnation: ungodly men, turning the…
- Genesis 31:27 (v32) Why did you flee secretly, and deceive me, and didn’t tell me, that I might have sent you away with mirth and with songs, with tambourine…
- 1 Samuel 10:5 (v32) “After that you will come to the hill of God, where the garrison of the Philistines is; and it will happen, when you have come there to the…
- Job 16:12 (v32) I was at ease, and he broke me apart. Yes, he has taken me by the neck, and dashed me to pieces. He has also set me up for his target.
- Job 21:11-12 (v32) They send out their little ones like a flock. Their children dance. They sing to the tambourine and harp, and rejoice at the sound of the…
- Psalms 17:13-14 (v31) Arise, Yahweh, confront him. Cast him down. Deliver my soul from the wicked by your sword; from men by your hand, Yahweh, from men of the…
- Psalms 125:5 (v31) But as for those who turn away to their crooked ways, Yahweh will lead them away with the workers of iniquity. Peace be on Israel.
- Isaiah 24:8 (v32) The mirth of tambourines ceases. The sound of those who rejoice ends. The joy of the harp ceases.
- Isaiah 30:29 (v32) You will have a song, as in the night when a holy feast is kept, and gladness of heart, as when one goes with a flute to come to Yahweh’s…
- Hebrews 12:26 (v32) whose voice shook the earth then, but now he has promised, saying, “Yet once more I will shake not only the earth, but also the heavens.”
- Psalms 40:5-6 (v33) Many, Yahweh, my God, are the wonderful works which you have done, and your thoughts which are toward us. They can’t be declared back to…
- Isaiah 10:12 (v31) Therefore it will happen that when the Lord has performed his whole work on Mount Zion and on Jerusalem, I will punish the fruit of the…
- Isaiah 10:15 (v31) Should an ax brag against him who chops with it? Should a saw exalt itself above him who saws with it? As if a rod should lift those who…
- Isaiah 10:24 (v31) Therefore the Lord, Yahweh of Armies, says “My people who dwell in Zion, don’t be afraid of the Assyrian, though he strike you with the…
- Isaiah 30:30 (v31) Yahweh will cause his glorious voice to be heard, and will show the descent of his arm, with the indignation of his anger, and the flame of…
- Isaiah 37:32-38 (v31) For out of Jerusalem a remnant will go out, and survivors will escape from Mount Zion. The zeal of Yahweh of Armies will perform this.’…
Cross-references from openbible.info (CC BY 4.0)
Explain this passage (19 sources)
Historical commentary, presented as a primary source — not an endorsement.
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Geneva Bible translators 1599 · Public Domain On vv31–33 God’s plague.
God’s plague.
Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain.
John Trapp 1656 · Public Domain On vv31–33 Isa 30:31 For through the voice of the LORD…
Isa 30:31 For through the voice of the LORD shall the Assyrian be beaten down, [which] smote with a rod.
Ver. 31. Which smote with a rod.] Isa 10:5. Now he is broken in pieces with God’s iron rod, {Psa 2:9} Iustissimae talionis exemplum.
John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Matthew Poole 1685 · Public Domain On vv31–33 The voice of the Lord; that voice mentioned in…
The voice of the Lord; that voice mentioned in the last verse.
Which smote with a rod; which was the rod wherewith God smote his and other people, Isa 10:5,6. He who used to smite others shall now be smitten himself. Or, as the words may be, and by others are, rendered, he (the Lord last mentioned) shall smite him with a rod, or with his rod.
Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
John Gill 1763 · Public Domain On vv31–33 For through the voice of the Lord shall the…
For through the voice of the Lord shall the Assyrian be beaten down,.... As anything is by a storm of thunder, lightning, hail, and rain: or "fear", or be "affrighted", as the Vulgate Latin and Arabic versions render it; Sennacherib, the Assyrian monarch, and that part of his army which escaped, though not destroyed by it, were put into the utmost consternation: this shows that the prophecy in the context refers to the overthrow of the Assyrian army by the angel, when besieging Jerusalem in Hezekiah's time; though the Assyrian is sometimes used for any enemy of God's people at other times, particularly antichrist, and especially the eastern antichrist, the Turk:
which smote with a rod; other nations, particularly the Jews, whom the Assyrian is expressly said to smite with a rod; and because he was an instrument in God's hand for the chastising of that people, he is called the rod of his anger, Isa 10:5 but now he that smote shall be smitten himself; him whom God used as a rod to correct others, he will smite with his rod, for his own correction: for this may be understood of God, and be rendered thus, "with a rod, he", that is, God, "shall smite" the Assyrian, as before; so Aben Ezra and Kimchi. The Targum interprets the "rod" of dominion.
John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
John Wesley 1765 · Public Domain On vv32–33 The rod - Hebrew. the founded rod, the judgment…
The rod - Hebrew. the founded rod, the judgment of God, called a founded rod, because it was firmly established, by God's immutable purpose. Him - Upon the Assyrian. With harps - Their destruction shall be celebrated by God's people, with joy and musick, and songs of praise. Of shaking - Or, shaking of the hand, of which kind of shaking this Hebrew word is constantly used. God will fight against them, and destroy them by his own hand. With it - With the army of the Assyrians.
John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible (1754–1765) — public domain. Text via the GEBible commentary corpus.
Adam Clarke 1810 · Public Domain On vv31–33 Verse 31. Which smote with a rod - "He…
Verse 31. Which smote with a rod - "He that was ready to smite with his staff"] אשור "Post ashshur, forte excidit אשר asher." - SECKER. After אשור ashshur, probably אשר asher, "which," has been omitted.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
Joseph Benson 1811 · Public Domain On vv32–33 Isa 30:32. Where the grounded staff shall pass —…
Isa 30:32. Where the grounded staff shall pass — Instead of משׂה מוסדה, the grounded, or founded staff, of which, he says, no one yet has been able to make any tolerable sense. Bishop Lowth, on the authority of two MSS, (one of them ancient,) reads משׂה מופרה, the staff of correction, which Le Clerc also supposes to be the true reading. The bishop, therefore, translates the clause thus: And it shall be, that wherever shall pass the rod of correction, which Jehovah shall lay heavily upon him, it shall be accompanied with tabrets and harps; that is, as the bishop explains it, “with every demonstration of joy and thanksgiving for the destruction of the enemy in so wonderful a manner: with hymns of praise, accompanied with musical instruments.” And in battles of shaking, &c. — Or, as it may be better rendered, in fierce or tremendous battles shall he, namely, the Lord, fight against them, that is, against the Assyrians.
Joseph Benson's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Albert Barnes 1834 · Public Domain On vv31–33 For through the voice of the - Lord By…
For through the voice of the - Lord By the command of the Lord; that is, his voice going forth in the manner specified in Isa 30:30.
Which smote with a rod - Who was accustomed to smite as with a rod; that is, his government was tyrannical and severe. As he had been accustomed to smite in that manner, so he would now meet the proper reward of his oppression of the nations.
Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible (1834–1885) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary 1859 · Public Domain On vv31–33 Rod. Sennacherib is terrified, who a few days before…
Rod. Sennacherib is terrified, who a few days before insulted the living God.
George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown 1871 · Public Domain On vv31–33 The Assyrian rod which beat shall itself be beaten,…
The Assyrian rod which beat shall itself be beaten, and that by the mere voice of the Lord, that is, an unseen divine agency (Isa 10:5, Isa 10:24).
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
Daniel D. Whedon 1874 · Public Domain On vv32–33 32. The grounded staff — This rendering is generally…
32. The grounded staff — This rendering is generally rejected as unintelligible. It is generally agreed by scholars that it means “rod of doom,” that is, the rod appointed to punish. The text may read thus: And it shall be that every passage [stroke, Henderson] of the rod of doom which Jehovah shall lay [cause to rest] on him [the Assyrian] shall be with tabrets and harps [accompanied with music on the part of the delivered ones] and shakings of wars, [or shocks of war, conducted in judgment by Jehovah.] While God visits furious judgments upon all defiant peoples, his own people are to join in songs of thanksgiving and fidelity to their deliverer. God governs the world. In all cases divine care “turns the tables” in behalf of the good and against the enemies of the good.
Tabrets — Drums of one head, or tambourines, beaten to music sung at festival entertainments, and many other occasions.
Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges 1878 · Public Domain On vv31–33 31. Assyria is here named for the first time…
31. Assyria is here named for the first time as the object of the judgment. The voice of Jehovah is the thunder, as in Isa_30:30. For beaten down render panic-stricken.
which smote with a rod] (cf. ch. Isa_10:24) Or “when He (Jehovah) smites with the rod.”
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers 1878 · Public Domain On vv31–33 (31) Shall the Assyrian be beaten down, which smote…
(31) Shall the Assyrian be beaten down, which smote with a rod.—Better, and He (Jehovah) shall smite with the rod. Asshur appears as the foremost and most dreaded enemy of Judah. The prediction points to the destruction of the armies of Sennacherib.
A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Pulpit Commentary 1880 · Public Domain On vv31–33 For through the voice of the Lord shall the…
For through the voice of the Lord shall the Assyrian be beaten down; rather, for at the voice of the Lord shall Assyria be dismayed (compare the first clause of ver. 30). Which smote with a rod; rather, with the rod will he (i.e. Jehovah) smite.
The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Biblical Illustrator 1887 · Public Domain On v33 For Tophet is ordained of old
Isa_30:33
For Tophet is ordained of old
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The annihilation of the Assyrian power
The annihilation of the Assyrian power is graphically set forth as one great funeral obsequy, such as were well known among Eastern nations.
The Divine command prepares the Tophet or pyre; and in its flames all the glory of Assyria shall consume away. What had been prepared by human wisdom for the idolatrous worship of Moloch, shall now by Divine decree be used for Assyrias destruction: her king shall be the great victim. (Buchanan Blake, B. D.)
The destruction of Assyria in Tophet
The description is, of course, figurative; and the details, as is often the case in prophecy, are not to be understood literally; they merely constitute the drapery in which the prophet clothes his idea. No such scene as is here described was ever actually enacted; Sennacherib, in point of fact, perished twenty years after his invasion of Judah, in his own land being assassinated by his own sons Isa_37:38). (Prof. S. R. Driver, D. D.)
The wicked man warned
I. The first doctrine that we have is--that THERE IS A HELL.
1. Justice requires it. If a man sins, doth not justice require that he should be punished?
2. But more than this, doth not Divine benevolence require it? Would it be benevolent in any man to propose to take away our police, to pull down our gaols, to abolish our penal settlements, and to stop forever all imprisonment and punishments for sin? It might appear to be liberal and charitable, but the fate of the rest of the community would be so direful that verily we might say, Build up the gaols once more! Let it be seen that sin cannot go unpunished here, and that the ruler beareth not the sword in vain!
3. We ask, If there were no hell for the wicked, where are they to be put to? The answer is, Why, let them all go to Heaven. But have you never heard me expose the absurdity of the idea of a wicked man being carried to Heaven as he is?
4. O sinner! why need I argue that Tophet is ordained of old? Is there not something within thyself which tells thee that there is such a place?
5. How is it that so many people in the world are always laughing at the idea of hell? I will tell you. The worse men are, the less they like hell. Scorning is sweet to the mouth, but it is bitter afterwards.
II. THE SIZE OF THIS PLACE. It is deep and large. We do delight in the thought that Heaven is great and large; that there will be more saved than there will be lost. But this is a sad thought to us--that hell is deep and large. Persons say that if the heathen lives up to his light and knowledge, will he not be saved by the blood of Christ? The heathen does not live up to his light and knowledge, and, therefore, it is an assumption that is not correct. Tophet is deep and large. There is room for you great sinners, room for you rich sinners, room for you proud, stiff-necked sinners, room for the whole mass of sinners, for though you should join in hand, yet shall not the wicked go unpunished.
III. THE FUEL OF IT. The pile thereof is fire and much wood. The wicked are their own woodmen; they find their own fuel for their own flame.
IV. THE FLAME OF IT. The breath of the Lord, like a stream of brimstone, doth kindle it. What kind of breath will that be?
1. It will be His condemning breath. God on high will breathe out sentences of condemnation against the wicked perpetually.
2. His reproving breath. For He will be always saying, Son, remember, remember such s time you heard a sermon; such a time you sinned; such a time your conscience smote you; such a time in your life you attended Sabbath school; such a time you cursed Me to My face; such a time you blasphemed My day; such a time you spoke ill of My servants; such a time you did this; such a time you did that.
3. The eternal life of God Himself shall kindle the flame breath of God shall keep the flame burning. (C. H. Spurgeon.)
.
The Biblical Illustrator, edited by Joseph S. Exell (c. 1880s–1900s) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Preacher's Complete Homiletical Commentary 1892 · Public Domain On v33 Isa_30:33. For Tophet is ordained of old, &c.
TOPHET ORDAINED OF OLD
Isa_30:33. For Tophet is ordained of old, &c.
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Some of us have often admired the expression, “Knowing the terrors of the Lord, we persuade men;” implying that the law of persuasion should be the law of the Christian pulpit. Some would alarm men, some would bitterly rail, and others thunder at them; as though the human heart could never be prevailed upon to capitulate, but must always be taken by storm. Paul shows us the more excellent way. When he proclaims “the terrors of the Lord,” it is “to persuade men;” to persuade them to escape the ruin and to accept the remedy. Observe, he does not hide them, for the truth must be told, sin must be condemned, the wicked must be warned.
I. Let us examine the local allusion and literal meaning of this verse. “This allusion to Tophet is the earliest which appears in the Scriptures. Additional particulars appear in the history of Josiah’s reformation (2Ki_23:10; Jer_7:31). The prophet Isaiah here represents Tophet as a place prepared for the burning of the Assyrian king. Made deep and large, with fire and wood in abundance, prepared for the king, and he being thrown into it, the breath of the Lord kindles it into fearful conflagration. This is, of course, a figurative description, Tophet being made the central point in the figure because it was a well-known place, a valley just outside the city, the valley of Hinnom, used for burning all the offal and filth of the city of Jerusalem.” Isaiah was commissioned to utter this prophecy of the overthrow and consuming of the Assyrian army, in order to inspirit Hezekiah and the people against the threatened invasion. “Tophet is ordained of old” as that fiery place which would consume the dead bodies of these unjust invaders. Hence the Chaldee paraphrase says, “It was called the valley of the carcases and of the ashes or of the dead bodies for this reason, because the dead bodies of the camp of the Assyrians fell there;” to which Josephus gives testimony when he relates that the place was called the Assyrian camp. What force these recollections would give to our Lord’s threatenings of hell to the Jews who saw the smoke of this valley always rising before their eyes (compare Isa_66:24 with Mar_9:43-48).
II. Note some of those solemn and awakening truths suggested by this verse.
1. The same record which provides for the security of the Church, provides for the final overthrow of its enemies. This was the time of Jacob’s extremity; he was saved, and his enemies consumed.
2. In the enjoyment of our highest privileges, we are surrounded by the most solemn terrors. Tophet lay not only near, but at the very foot of Mount Zion. From the heights of Zion might be seen the smoke, the fire, and the worm in the valley of Tophet! A dreadful thought this! Hell is set full in our view when worshipping in Zion (1Pe_4:17-18). Bunyan says, “So I saw a man may go by profession to heaven’s gate and yet be cast away.” Our Lord (Luk_13:25).
3. While no combination of power can shield the wicked, the believer has always a source of safety and a song of joy.—Samuel Thodey.
The Preacher's Complete Homiletical Commentary (gen. ed. Joseph S. Exell; Funk & Wagnalls, c. 1892) — public domain (pre-1929). A full-Bible homiletical/sermon-outline anthology covering 65 of 66 books (2 John is absent from the source module). Text from a community e-Sword module.
C. I. Scofield 1917 · Public Domain On v33 See Jer 7:31; Jer 19:6; 2Ki 23:10
Tophet
See Jer 7:31; Jer 19:6; 2Ki 23:10
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Historically a place in the valley of Hinnom where human sacrifices were offered. The word means "place of fire." The symbolic reference is to the lake of fire and the doom of the Beast. Rev 19:20.
The Scofield Reference Bible (1917 edition), notes by C. I. Scofield — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
unfoldingWord translationNotes 2017 · CC BY-SA 4.0 On vv31, 33 For at the voice of Yahweh, Assyria will be…
For at the voice of Yahweh, Assyria will be shattered
This can be stated in active form. AT: "For when Yahweh speaks he will shatter the soldiers of Assyria" (See: Active or Passive)
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Assyria will be shattered
Isaiah speaks of Assyria's fear as if Assyria is an object that Yahweh's voice shatters. AT: "Assyria will be terrified" (See: Metaphor)
Assyria
Here this represents the soldiers of Assyria. (See: Metonymy)
Every stroke of the appointed rod that Yahweh will lay on them
Yahweh causing an army to defeat the Assyrians is spoken of as if Yahweh would hit the Assyrians with a rod. (See: Metaphor)
will be accompanied
This can be stated in active form. AT: "the people of Judah will accompany it" (See: Active or Passive)
tambourines
This is a musical instrument with a head like a drum that can be hit and with pieces of metal around the side that sound when the instrument is shaken. See how you translated this in Isaiah 5:12.
he battles and fights with them
Yahweh causing the enemy army to defeat the Assyrians is spoken of as if Yahweh were a warrior who would fight along with the enemy army. (See: Metaphor)
translationWords
voice
Yahweh
Assyria
staff
appoint
rod
harp
unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.
Tyndale Open Study Notes 2022 · CC BY-SA 4.0 On vv31–33 30:31 royal scepter: The Lord, the true King, would…
30:31 royal scepter: The Lord, the true King, would be victorious over the threatening Assyrian king.
Tyndale Open Study Notes — © Tyndale Open Resources, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API.