“ ‘If you offer a meal offering of first fruits to Yahweh, you shall offer for the meal offering of your first fruits fresh heads of grain parched with fire and crushed. You shall put oil on it and lay frankincense on it. It is a meal offering. The priest shall burn as its memorial part of its crushed grain and part of its oil, along with all its frankincense. It is an offering made by fire to Yahweh.
Parallel Translations
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“ ‘If you offer a meal offering of first fruits to Yahweh, you shall offer for the meal offering of your first fruits fresh heads of grain parched with fire and crushed.
You shall put oil on it and lay frankincense on it. It is a meal offering.
The priest shall burn as its memorial part of its crushed grain and part of its oil, along with all its frankincense. It is an offering made by fire to Yahweh.
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And if thou offer a meat offering of thy firstfruits unto the LORD, thou shalt offer for the meat offering of thy firstfruits green ears of corn dried by the fire, even corn beaten out of full ears.
And thou shalt put oil upon it, and lay frankincense thereon: it is a meat offering.
And the priest shall burn the memorial of it, part of the beaten corn thereof, and part of the oil thereof, with all the frankincense thereof: it is an offering made by fire unto the LORD.
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And if thou bring a meal-offering of first-fruits unto the LORD, thou shalt bring for the meal-offering of thy first-fruits corn in the ear parched with fire, even groats of the fresh ear.
And thou shalt put oil upon it, and lay frankincense thereon; it is a meal-offering.
And the priest shall make the memorial-part of it smoke, even of the groats thereof, and of the oil thereof, with all the frankincense thereof; it is an offering made by fire unto the LORD.
Cross-references (22)
- Leviticus 23:10 (v14) “Speak to the children of Israel, and tell them, ‘When you have come into the land which I give to you, and shall reap its harvest, then…
- Numbers 28:2 (v14) “Command the children of Israel, and tell them, ‘See that you present my offering, my food for my offerings made by fire, as a pleasant…
- Proverbs 3:9-10 (v14) Honor Yahweh with your substance, with the first fruits of all your increase: so your barns will be filled with plenty, and your vats will…
- Isaiah 11:2-4 (v16) Yahweh’s Spirit will rest on him: the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of counsel and might, the spirit of knowledge and of…
- Isaiah 53:2-10 (v14) For he grew up before him as a tender plant, and as a root out of dry ground. He has no good looks or majesty. When we see him, there is no…
Show all 22 cross-references
- Isaiah 61:1 (v16) The Lord Yahweh’s Spirit is on me, because Yahweh has anointed me to preach good news to the humble. He has sent me to bind up the broken…
- Malachi 1:11 (v14) For from the rising of the sun even to its going down, my name is great among the nations, and in every place incense will be offered to my…
- Romans 8:26-27 (v16) In the same way, the Spirit also helps our weaknesses, for we don’t know how to pray as we ought. But the Spirit himself makes intercession…
- 1 Corinthians 15:20 (v14) But now Christ has been raised from the dead. He became the first fruits of those who are asleep.
- Hebrews 5:7 (v16) He, in the days of his flesh, having offered up prayers and petitions with strong crying and tears to him who was able to save him from…
- Revelation 14:4 (v14) These are those who were not defiled with women, for they are virgins. These are those who follow the Lamb wherever he goes. These were…
- Genesis 4:3 (v14) As time passed, Cain brought an offering to Yahweh from the fruit of the ground.
- Leviticus 2:1-2 (v16) “ ‘When anyone offers an offering of a meal offering to Yahweh, his offering shall be of fine flour. He shall pour oil on it, and put…
- Leviticus 2:4-7 (v16) “ ‘When you offer an offering of a meal offering baked in the oven, it shall be unleavened cakes of fine flour mixed with oil, or…
- Leviticus 2:9 (v16) The priest shall take from the meal offering its memorial, and shall burn it on the altar, an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to…
- Leviticus 2:12 (v16) As an offering of first fruits you shall offer them to Yahweh, but they shall not rise up as a pleasant aroma on the altar.
- Leviticus 22:29 (v14) “When you sacrifice a sacrifice of thanksgiving to Yahweh, you shall sacrifice it so that you may be accepted.
- Leviticus 23:14-17 (v14) You must not eat bread, or roasted grain, or fresh grain, until this same day, until you have brought the offering of your God. This is a…
- Leviticus 23:20 (v14) The priest shall wave them with the bread of the first fruits for a wave offering before Yahweh, with the two lambs. They shall be holy to…
- Deuteronomy 26:2 (v14) that you shall take some of the first of all the fruit of the ground, which you shall bring in from your land that Yahweh your God gives…
- 2 Kings 4:42 (v14) A man from Baal Shalishah came, and brought the man of God some bread of the first fruits: twenty loaves of barley and fresh ears of grain…
- Psalms 141:2 (v16) Let my prayer be set before you like incense; the lifting up of my hands like the evening sacrifice.
Cross-references from openbible.info (CC BY 4.0)
Explain this passage (15 sources)
Historical commentary, presented as a primary source — not an endorsement.
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Geneva Bible translators 1599 · Public Domain On v14 Or, full ears: for the word signifieth a fruitful…
Or, full ears: for the word signifieth a fruitful field. Read 2 Chron. 26:10 in the note 2.
Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain.
John Trapp 1656 · Public Domain On vv14–16 Lev 2:14 And if thou offer a meat offering…
Lev 2:14 And if thou offer a meat offering of thy firstfruits unto the LORD, thou shalt offer for the meat offering of thy firstfruits green ears of corn dried by the fire, [even] corn beaten out of full ears.
Ver. 14. Green ears of corn.] To signify that God should be served with the firstfruits of our age, the primrose of our childhood.
John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Matthew Poole 1685 · Public Domain On v14 If thou offer a meat-offering of thy first-fruits, to…
If thou offer a meat-offering of thy first-fruits, to wit, of thine own free will; for there were other first-fruits, and that of several sorts, which were prescribed, and the time, quality, and proportion of them appointed by God. See Lev 23:10.
Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
John Gill 1763 · Public Domain On vv14–16 And if thou offer a meat offering of thy…
And if thou offer a meat offering of thy firstfruits unto the Lord,.... This, according to Aben Ezra, was not any of the offerings of the firstfruits, which they were obliged to, as at the passover or pentecost, or feast of tabernacles, but a free will offering; but Jarchi thinks it is to be understood of the meat offering of the Omer, Lev 23:13 and so Gersom, which was offered up on the sixteenth of Nisan; and this is the general sense of the Jewish writers (b):
thou shalt bring for the meat offering of thy firstfruits green ears of corn dried by the fire; these were ears of barley, which began to be ripe in the month Abib, which month had its name from hence, and is the word here used; these were dried by the fire, being green and moist, or otherwise they could not have been ground; for, according to Gersom, these were afterwards ground into fine flour:
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even corn beaten out of full ears; and so made the finest flour: the firstfruits were a type of Christ, who is so called, Co1 15:23 the beating of the ears of corn, and drying of them by the fire, and the grinding of them, denoted the sufferings of Christ.
(b) Maimon. & Bartenora in Misn. Menachot, c. 10. sect. 4.
John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
John Wesley 1765 · Public Domain On vv14, 16 First-fruits - Of thine own free-will; for there were…
First-fruits - Of thine own free-will; for there were other first-fruits, and that of several sorts, which were prescribed, and the time, quality, and proportion of them appointed by God.
John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible (1754–1765) — public domain. Text via the GEBible commentary corpus.
Adam Clarke 1810 · Public Domain On v14 Verse 14. Green ears of corn dried by the…
Verse 14. Green ears of corn dried by the fire] Green or half-ripe ears of wheat parched with fire is a species of food in use among the poor people of Palestine and Egypt to the present day. As God is represented as keeping a table among his people, (for the tabernacle was his house, where he had the golden table, shewbread, c.,) so he represents himself as partaking with them of all the aliments that were in use, and even sitting down with the poor to a repast on parched corn! We have already seen that these green ears were presented as a sort of eucharistical offering for the blessings of seed time, and the prospect of a plentiful harvest.
See Clarke on Le 2:1 several other examples might be added here, but they are not necessary.
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The command to offer salt with every oblation, and which was punctually observed by the Jews, will afford the pious reader some profitable reflections. It is well known that salt has two grand properties.
1. It seasons and renders palatable the principal ailments used for the support of life.
2. It prevents putrefaction and decay.
The covenant of God, that is, his agreement with his people, is called a covenant of salt, to denote as we have seen above, its stable undecaying nature, as well as to point out its importance and utility in the preservation of the life of the soul. The grace of God by Christ Jesus is represented under the emblem of salt, (see Mr 9:49; Eph 4:29; Col 4:6), because of its relishing, nourishing, and preserving quality. Without it no offering, no sacrifice, no religious service, no work even of charity and mercy, can be acceptable in the sight of God. In all things we must come unto the Father THROUGH HIM. And from none of our sacrifices or services must this salt of the covenant of our God be lacking.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
Joseph Benson 1811 · Public Domain On vv14, 16 Lev 2:14. First-fruits — Of thine own free-will; for…
Lev 2:14. First-fruits — Of thine own free-will; for there were other first- fruits, and that of several sorts, which were prescribed, and the time, quality, and proportion of them appointed by God.
Joseph Benson's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Albert Barnes 1834 · Public Domain On v14 Green ears of corn - Rather, “fresh ears of…
Green ears of corn - Rather, “fresh ears of corn;” that is, just-ripe grain, freshly gathered. Parched grain, such as is here spoken of, is a common article of food in Syria and Egypt, and was very generally eaten in ancient times.
Beaten out - Not rubbed out by the hands, as described in Luk 6:1, but bruised or crushed so as to form groats.
Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible (1834–1885) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary 1859 · Public Domain On v14 And break, &c. Hebrew has simply, "corn beaten out…
And break, &c. Hebrew has simply, "corn beaten out (or ready to be beaten out) of full ears." (Haydock) --- These were to be offered at the Passover. (Du Hamel)
George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown 1871 · Public Domain On v14 a meat offering of thy first-fruits--From the mention of…
a meat offering of thy first-fruits--From the mention of "green ears," this seems to have been a voluntary offering before the harvest--the ears being prepared in the favorite way of Eastern people, by parching them at the fire, and then beating them out for use. It was designed to be an early tribute of pious thankfulness for the earth's increase, and it was offered according to the usual directions.
Next: Leviticus Chapter 3
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
Daniel D. Whedon 1874 · Public Domain On v14 14. Green ears of corn — This refers chiefly…
14. Green ears of corn — This refers chiefly to wheat and barley, the heads of which are called ears. Indian corn was unknown.
Dried by the fire — In order to be broken into groats by grinding, as the Seventy have rendered it, the green grain first harvested for the oblation must be dried. Says Adam Clarke: “As God is represented as keeping a table among his people, so he represents himself as partaking with them of all the ailments that were in use, even sitting down with the poor to a repast on parched corn!”
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Corn beaten out — The scorched grains or grits were to be separated from the straw. The bread offering, as a whole, is a type of the Son of God, who is the bread of life, to be appropriated by all who have first been cleansed from the guilt of sin by the blood of sprinkling shed by our great Sin Offering. The risen Jesus is our Bread of Life. Because he lives and sends up the incense of his prayers, and sends down the oil of gladness, the Anointing Spirit, we live also.
Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges 1878 · Public Domain On v14 14. corn in the ear] Heb. Abîb, from which…
14. corn in the ear] Heb. Abîb, from which the Passover month is named.
parched with fire] Cp. Rth_2:14.
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bruised corn of the fresh ear] Heb. géres karmel. The first word occurs only here and in Lev_2:16; karmel is found Lev_23:14 and 2Ki_4:42. The bruised corn is treated as the fine flour of Lev_2:1; a memorial of it is burnt, and the remainder would be for the priests. Cp. Lev_2:1-3 and Lev_2:10.
14–16. Meal-Offering of firstfruits (Heb. bikkûrîm). The rçshîth of Lev_2:12 is not to be offered on the altar, while the ‘memorial’ of the bikkûrîm is offered (Lev_2:16) as ‘an offering made by fire unto the Lord.’
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers 1878 · Public Domain On v14 (14) And if thou offer.—The third kind of meat…
(14) And if thou offer.—The third kind of meat offering (Lev_2:14-16) is of the firstfruits. These verses should properly come immediately after Lev_2:12, since Lev_2:13 concludes the directions about the different kinds of minchas or bloodless offerings, with general remarks applying to all animal sacrifices. Such transpositions are not uncommon in the Hebrew Scriptures. Parched or roasted corn, as here described, was, and still is, a favourite article of food in the East (Lev_23:14; Jos_5:11; 1Sa_17:17; 1Sa_25:18; 2Sa_17:28; Rth_2:14). It was, therefore, an appropriate meat offering. Hence the regulations about it, Lev_2:14-16, are the same as those given with regard to the other two kinds of bloodless offerings.
A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Pulpit Commentary 1880 · Public Domain On v14 Vers. 14-16. The third form of meat offering, parched…
Vers. 14-16. The third form of meat offering, parched grains of corn, with oil, salt, and frankincense. The mark of a new paragraph should be transferred from verse 12 to the beginning of verse 14.
Vers. 14-16. The minchah of the firstfruits.
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Having viewed the minchah as a type of Christ, and having considered the feast upon it as expressing fellowship with God in him, we proceed to consider the offering of the firstfruits, which is still the minchah under yet another form. The text brings before us
I THINGS PECULIAR TO THE OFFERING OF THE FIRSTFRUITS. These are:
1. The matter of the offering.
(1) It is specified as "green ears of corn." Still, observe, it is of the nature of bread, and so still typifies Christ, the Bread of Life.
(2) But in this case the life is in the grain. In this view Christ compares himself to a corn of wheat. (Joh_12:24) In this passage there is also a reference to Psa_72:16, which is construed by learned Jews thus: "He shall be a corn of wheat in the earth on the top of the mountains.
(3) It is specified as "firstfruits." As the firstborn of every animal was the Lord"s, (Exo_12:29 Exo_13:12, 13 Num_18:16) so did he claim the vegetable firstfruits. And as Christ is "the Firstborn of every creature", (Col_1:15) the Anti-type of every firstborn, so is he the Firstfruits of everything in the creation. Through him all things are blessed to our use and benefit.
(4) In this character Jesus will come out in full form in the resurrection. He is the "First-begotten from the dead". (Rev_1:5) The "Firstfruits of them that slept;" and still sleep. (1Co_15:20, 23 1Th_4:14) Thus is he "the Beginning or Chief of the new creation of God ". (Rev_3:14)
2. The treatment it received.
(1) The corn was dried by the fire. It was not allowed to dry gradually and gently in the air, but was violently scorched. Here was set forth expressively that fire of grief and sorrow which parched the soul of Jesus. The fires of his zeal for the glory of God, which was outraged by the sinfulness of men, entered into his very soul. (Psa_119:139) So did the corresponding flames of sympathy for that humanity which he had so wondrously assumed; consuming, because of its sinfulness, under the fires of God"s anger.
(2) It was beaten. This threshing of the wheat represented the severity with which Jesus was treated,
(a) in the court of Caiaphas;
(b) in the hall of Pilate;
(c) at the place called Calvary. (Isa_53:5, Isa_53:8)
II THINGS COMMON TO THE FIRSTFRUITS AND OTHER FORMS OF THE MINCHAH.
1. It was offered upon the altar of burnt offerings.
(1) Touching the altar, it became a sacrifice to God.
(2) Consumed in the fire, it was accepted by God.
2. It was offered with oil.
(1) The natural use of this was that the offering thereby became more readily consumed. The flame of oil is bright and fervent.
(2) This was a symbol of the Holy Spirit"s grace, which without measure rested upon Christ. (see Psa_69:9 Joh_2:17)
3. It was offered with frankincense.
(1) The physical use of this would be to take away from the tabernacle the smell of a slaughter-house, and to fill the courts with a grateful odour.
(2) The spiritual use was to prefigure the fragrance of the merits of Jesus,
(a) in his sacrifice; (Eph_5:2)
(b) in his intercession. (Rev_8:3, Rev_8:4)
Thus the offensiveness of the flesh in us is destroyed, and the living sacrifice becomes acceptable. J.A.M. (Rom_12:1)
The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
unfoldingWord translationNotes 2017 · CC BY-SA 4.0 On v14 General Information:
General Information:
Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do so their offerings will be acceptable to him.
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that is roasted with fire and then crushed
This can be stated in active form. AT: "that you have cooked over a fire and then crushed" (See: Active or Passive)
a representative offering
The handful of the grain offering represents the whole grain offering. This means the whole offering belongs to Yahweh. See how you translated this in Leviticus 2:2.
This is an offering made by fire to Yahweh
This can be stated in active form. AT: "This is a burnt offering to Yahweh" (See: Active or Passive)
translationWords
grain offering
firstfruits
Yahweh
oil
incense
priest
unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.