“Speak to Aaron, and to his sons, and to all the children of Israel, and say to them, ‘Whoever is of the house of Israel, or of the foreigners in Israel, who offers his offering, whether it is any of their vows or any of their free will offerings, which they offer to Yahweh for a burnt offering: that you may be accepted, you shall offer a male without defect, of the bulls, of the sheep, or of the goats. But you shall not offer whatever has a defect, for it shall not be acceptable for you.
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Leviticus 22:18-20 sits inside this longer paragraph.
Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, “Speak to Aaron, and to his sons, and to all the children of Israel, and say to them, ‘Whoever is of the house of Israel, or of the foreigners in Israel, who offers his offering, whether it is any of their vows or any of their free will offerings, which they offer to Yahweh for a burnt offering: that you may be accepted, you shall offer a male without defect, of the bulls, of the sheep, or of the goats. But you shall not offer whatever has a defect, for it shall not be acceptable for you. Whoever offers a sacrifice of peace offerings to Yahweh to accomplish a vow, or for a free will offering of the herd or of the flock, it shall be perfect to be accepted. It shall have no defect. You shall not offer what is blind, is injured, is maimed, has a wart, is festering, or has a running sore to Yahweh, nor make an offering by fire of them on the altar to Yahweh. Either a bull or a lamb that has any deformity or lacking in his parts, that you may offer for a free will offering; but for a vow it shall not be accepted. You must not offer to Yahweh that which has its testicles bruised, crushed, broken, or cut. You must not do this in your land. You must not offer any of these as the bread of your God from the hand of a foreigner, because their corruption is in them. There is a defect in them. They shall not be accepted for you.’ ”
Parallel Translations
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“Speak to Aaron, and to his sons, and to all the children of Israel, and say to them, ‘Whoever is of the house of Israel, or of the foreigners in Israel, who offers his offering, whether it is any of their vows or any of their free will offerings, which they offer to Yahweh for a burnt offering:
that you may be accepted, you shall offer a male without defect, of the bulls, of the sheep, or of the goats.
But you shall not offer whatever has a defect, for it shall not be acceptable for you.
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Speak unto Aaron, and to his sons, and unto all the children of Israel, and say unto them, Whatsoever he be of the house of Israel, or of the strangers in Israel, that will offer his oblation for all his vows, and for all his freewill offerings, which they will offer unto the LORD for a burnt offering;
Ye shall offer at your own will a male without blemish, of the beeves, of the sheep, or of the goats.
But whatsoever hath a blemish, that shall ye not offer: for it shall not be acceptable for you.
Show all 3 translations
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Speak unto Aaron, and to his sons, and unto all the children of Israel, and say unto them: Whosoever he be of the house of Israel, or of the strangers in Israel, that bringeth his offering, whether it be any of their vows, or any of their free-will-offerings, which are brought unto the LORD for a burnt-offering;
that ye may be accepted, ye shall offer a male without blemish, of the beeves, of the sheep, or of the goats.
But whatsoever hath a blemish, that shall ye not bring; for it shall not be acceptable for you.
Examined in Scripture Analysis
Commandments (1)
The laws of the Torah, each cited and shown as a primary source.
Cross-references (49)
- Deuteronomy 17:1 (v20) You shall not sacrifice to Yahweh your God an ox or a sheep in which is a defect or anything evil; for that is an abomination to Yahweh…
- Leviticus 1:2 (v18) “Speak to the children of Israel, and tell them, ‘When anyone of you offers an offering to Yahweh, you shall offer your offering of the…
- Deuteronomy 15:21 (v20) If it has any defect—is lame or blind, or has any defect whatever, you shall not sacrifice it to Yahweh your God.
- Malachi 1:8 (v20) When you offer the blind for sacrifice, isn’t that evil? And when you offer the lame and sick, isn’t that evil? Present it now to your…
- Leviticus 1:10 (vv18–19) “ ‘If his offering is from the flock, from the sheep or from the goats, for a burnt offering, he shall offer a male without defect.
Show all 46 cross-references
- Hebrews 9:14 (vv19–20) how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without defect to God, cleanse your conscience from…
- 1 Peter 1:19 (vv19–20) but with precious blood, as of a lamb without blemish or spot, the blood of Christ,
- Leviticus 1:3 (v19) “ ‘If his offering is a burnt offering from the herd, he shall offer a male without defect. He shall offer it at the door of the Tent of…
- Leviticus 22:25 (v20) You must not offer any of these as the bread of your God from the hand of a foreigner, because their corruption is in them. There is a…
- Numbers 15:3 (v18) and will make an offering by fire to Yahweh—a burnt offering, or a sacrifice, to accomplish a vow, or as a free will offering, or in your…
- Deuteronomy 12:6 (v18) You shall bring your burnt offerings, your sacrifices, your tithes, the wave offering of your hand, your vows, your free will offerings,…
- Exodus 12:5 (v19) Your lamb shall be without defect, a male a year old. You shall take it from the sheep, or from the goats.
- Psalms 56:12 (v18) Your vows are on me, God. I will give thank offerings to you.
- Jonah 1:16 (v18) Then the men feared Yahweh exceedingly; and they offered a sacrifice to Yahweh, and made vows.
- Jonah 2:9 (v18) But I will sacrifice to you with the voice of thanksgiving. I will pay that which I have vowed. Salvation belongs to Yahweh.”
- Malachi 1:13-14 (v20) You say also, ‘Behold, what a weariness it is!’ and you have sniffed at it”, says Yahweh of Armies; “and you have brought that which was…
- 2 Corinthians 5:21 (v19) For him who knew no sin he made to be sin on our behalf; so that in him we might become the righteousness of God.
- Ephesians 5:27 (v19) that he might present the assembly to himself gloriously, not having spot or wrinkle or any such thing; but that it should be holy and…
- 1 Peter 2:22-24 (v19) who didn’t sin, “neither was deceit found in his mouth.” When he was cursed, he didn’t curse back. When he suffered, he didn’t threaten,…
- Leviticus 4:32 (v19) “ ‘If he brings a lamb as his offering for a sin offering, he shall bring a female without defect.
- Leviticus 7:16 (v18) “ ‘But if the sacrifice of his offering is a vow, or a free will offering, it shall be eaten on the day that he offers his sacrifice. On…
- Leviticus 17:10 (v18) “ ‘Any man of the house of Israel, or of the strangers who live as foreigners among them, who eats any kind of blood, I will set my face…
- Leviticus 17:13 (v18) “ ‘Whatever man there is of the children of Israel, or of the strangers who live as foreigners among them, who takes in hunting any animal…
- Leviticus 23:38 (v18) in addition to the Sabbaths of Yahweh, and in addition to your gifts, and in addition to all your vows, and in addition to all your free…
- Numbers 15:14-16 (v18) If a stranger lives as a foreigner with you, or whoever may be among you throughout your generations, and will offer an offering made by…
- Deuteronomy 12:17 (v18) You may not eat within your gates the tithe of your grain, or of your new wine, or of your oil, or the firstborn of your herd or of your…
- Deuteronomy 16:10 (v18) You shall keep the feast of weeks to Yahweh your God with a tribute of a free will offering of your hand, which you shall give according to…
- Psalms 22:25 (v18) My praise of you comes in the great assembly. I will pay my vows before those who fear him.
- Psalms 61:5 (v18) For you, God, have heard my vows. You have given me the heritage of those who fear your name.
- Psalms 61:8 (v18) So I will sing praise to your name forever, that I may fulfill my vows daily.
- Psalms 65:1 (v18) Praise waits for you, God, in Zion. Vows shall be performed to you.
- Psalms 66:13 (v18) I will come into your temple with burnt offerings. I will pay my vows to you,
- Psalms 116:14 (v18) I will pay my vows to Yahweh, yes, in the presence of all his people.
- Psalms 116:18 (v18) I will pay my vows to Yahweh, yes, in the presence of all his people,
- Ecclesiastes 5:4 (v18) When you vow a vow to God, don’t defer to pay it; for he has no pleasure in fools. Pay that which you vow.
- Nahum 1:15 (v18) Behold, on the mountains the feet of him who brings good news, who publishes peace! Keep your feasts, Judah! Perform your vows, for the…
- Matthew 27:4 (v19) saying, “I have sinned in that I betrayed innocent blood.” But they said, “What is that to us? You see to it.”
- Matthew 27:24 (v19) So when Pilate saw that nothing was being gained, but rather that a disturbance was starting, he took water, and washed his hands before…
- Matthew 27:54 (v19) Now the centurion, and those who were with him watching Jesus, when they saw the earthquake, and the things that were done, feared…
- 1 Peter 3:18 (v19) Because Christ also suffered for sins once, the righteous for the unrighteous, that he might bring you to God, being put to death in the…
- Matthew 27:19 (v19) While he was sitting on the judgment seat, his wife sent to him, saying, “Have nothing to do with that righteous man, for I have suffered…
- Luke 23:14 (v19) and said to them, “You brought this man to me as one that perverts the people, and behold, having examined him before you, I found no basis…
- Luke 23:41 (v19) And we indeed justly, for we receive the due reward for our deeds, but this man has done nothing wrong.”
- Luke 23:47 (v19) When the centurion saw what was done, he glorified God, saying, “Certainly this was a righteous man.”
- John 19:4 (v19) Then Pilate went out again, and said to them, “Behold, I bring him out to you, that you may know that I find no basis for a charge against…
- Acts 18:18 (v18) Paul, having stayed after this many more days, took his leave of the brothers, and sailed from there for Syria, together with Priscilla and…
46 distinct cross-references across this passage (49 total citations).
Cross-references from openbible.info (CC BY 4.0)
Explain this passage (13 sources)
Historical commentary, presented as a primary source — not an endorsement.
Private notes
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John Trapp 1656 · Public Domain On vv19–20 Lev 22:19 [Ye shall offer] at your own will…
Lev 22:19 [Ye shall offer] at your own will a male without blemish, of the beeves, of the sheep, or of the goats.
Ver. 19. At your own will.] Yet observing strictly the law in that case provided, with all the rites appointed. Such will worship is very acceptable.
John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Matthew Poole 1685 · Public Domain On vv18–19 Or of the strangers; such as were proselytes.
Or of the strangers; such as were proselytes.
For all his vows. See on Lev 7:16.
Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
John Gill 1763 · Public Domain On vv18–20 Ye shall offer at your own will,.... For vows…
Ye shall offer at your own will,.... For vows and freewill offerings were at their own option, and depended on their own will and pleasure, and when offered should be with a willing mind, and from their whole heart: or "for good will to you"; as the Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan; or for gracious, acceptation, that is, that they might be well pleasing to God, and acceptable in his sight, so Jarchi; in order to which the following direction was strictly to be observed:
a male without blemish, of the beeves, of the sheep, and of the goats; bullocks, sheep, and goats, were the only sorts of beasts, out of which sacrifices were taken, and those that were for burnt offerings were always to be males, and unblemished, see Lev 1:3; but for other offerings, as peace offerings and sin offerings, females might be used, see Lev 3:1. Fowls are not mentioned, though burnt offerings were of them, because it was not required in them, only of beasts, that they should be males, and without blemish; for, as Jarchi observes, these were not rejected on account of a blemish, only for want of a member.
John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
John Wesley 1765 · Public Domain On vv18–19 Strangers - Such as were proselytes.
Strangers - Such as were proselytes.
John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible (1754–1765) — public domain. Text via the GEBible commentary corpus.
Adam Clarke 1810 · Public Domain On v20 Verse 20. Whatsoever hath a blemish] The same perfection…
Verse 20. Whatsoever hath a blemish] The same perfection is required in the sacrifice that was required in the priest; see on Le 22:2, and the notes on the preceding chapter.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
Joseph Benson 1811 · Public Domain On v19 Lev 22:19. Ye shall offer it at your own…
Lev 22:19. Ye shall offer it at your own will — This is better rendered by the Seventy, the Arabic, and other versions, In order to its being accepted ye shall offer a male. And so we render the same word לרצון, leratson, in the next verse. Males were required in burnt-offerings: but females were accepted in peace-offerings and sin-offerings.
Joseph Benson's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Albert Barnes 1834 · Public Domain On v19 Ye shall offer at your own will a male…
Ye shall offer at your own will a male - Rather, That it may be accepted (so Lev 22:29) for you it shall be a male. See Lev 1:3. It is the same phrase as in Lev 22:20-21, Lev 22:27.
Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible (1834–1885) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary 1859 · Public Domain On vv18–19 Strangers: proselytes of justice, or converts of the Jewish…
Strangers: proselytes of justice, or converts of the Jewish religion. See ver. 25.
George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown 1871 · Public Domain On v19 THE SACRIFICES MUST BE WITHOUT BLEMISH. (Lev. 22:17-33)
THE SACRIFICES MUST BE WITHOUT BLEMISH. (Lev. 22:17-33)
Ye shall offer at your own will--rather, to your being accepted.
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a male without blemish--This law (Lev 1:3) is founded on a sense of natural propriety, which required the greatest care to be taken in the selection of animals for sacrifice. The reason for this extreme caution is found in the fact that sacrifices are either an expression of praise to God for His goodness, or else they are the designed means of conciliating or retaining His favor. No victim that was not perfect in its kind could be deemed a fitting instrument for such purposes if we assume that the significance of sacrifices is derived entirely from their relation to Jehovah. Sacrifices may be likened to gifts made to a king by his subjects, and hence the reasonableness of God's strong remonstrance with the worldly-minded Jews (Mal 1:8). If the tabernacle, and subsequently the temple, were considered the palace of the great King, then the sacrifices would answer to presents as offered to a monarch on various occasions by his subjects; and in this light they would be the appropriate expressions of their feelings towards their sovereign. When a subject wished to do honor to his sovereign, to acknowledge allegiance, to appease his anger, to supplicate forgiveness, or to intercede for another, he brought a present; and all the ideas involved in sacrifices correspond to these sentiments--those of gratitude, of worship, of prayer, of confession and atonement [BIB. SAC.].
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
Daniel D. Whedon 1874 · Public Domain On vv18–19 ACCEPTABLE SACRIFICES, Lev_22:17-28.
ACCEPTABLE SACRIFICES, Lev_22:17-28.
18. Strangers in Israel — For their religious privileges, see Lev_1:2, note. For their civil rights, see chap. 23, note.
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Vows — There are exigencies in the history of every man when he is impelled to make religious resolutions. For the character of the sacrifices prescribed for the release from the vow, and also for the freewill offerings, see Lev_7:11; Lev_7:16, notes.
Burnt offering — See chapters 1 and Lev_6:9, notes.
Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers 1878 · Public Domain On vv18–20 (18) And unto all the children of Israel.—As the…
(18) And unto all the children of Israel.—As the following laws presented the condition of the animals which the Israelites are to offer, they are addressed to the laity as well as to the priests.
Whatsoever he be.—Better, what man soever there be, as it is translated in the Authorised version Lev_17:3 (and see Note on Lev_17:8).
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Offer his oblation.—Better, offer his offering, as the Authorised version translates it in Lev_3:7; Lev_3:14; Lev_7:12; Lev_17:4, &c. It is difficult to divine why the translators gave here a different rendering of a fixed sacrificial formula which it is important to reproduce uniformly in a translation.
For all his vows, and for all his freewill offerings.—Better, for any manner of vow, or for any manner of freewill offering. That is, if an Israelite by race, or one who was originally a stranger but has joined the Jewish community, brings a sacrifice, be it in consequence of a vow which he has made, or be it a freewill offering. Both these kinds of sacrifices were entirely voluntary, and the difference between them is described in Lev_7:16.
A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
unfoldingWord translationNotes 2017 · CC BY-SA 4.0 On v20 to be accepted
to be accepted
This can be stated in active form. AT: "for me to accept it" or "for Yahweh to accept it" (See: Active or Passive)
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translationWords
sacrifice
fellowship offering
flocks
fulfill
freewill offering
unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.
Tyndale Open Study Notes 2022 · CC BY-SA 4.0 On v18 22:18 Apparently individuals could present a whole burnt offering…
22:18 Apparently individuals could present a whole burnt offering instead of a peace offering if they desired (see 1:3).
Tyndale Open Study Notes — © Tyndale Open Resources, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API.