“ ‘In this Year of Jubilee each of you shall return to his property.
“ ‘If you sell anything to your neighbor, or buy from your neighbor, you shall not wrong one another.
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Leviticus 25:13-14 sits inside this longer paragraph.
“ ‘In this Year of Jubilee each of you shall return to his property.
“ ‘If you sell anything to your neighbor, or buy from your neighbor, you shall not wrong one another. According to the number of years after the Jubilee you shall buy from your neighbor. According to the number of years of the crops he shall sell to you. According to the length of the years you shall increase its price, and according to the shortness of the years you shall diminish its price; for he is selling the number of the crops to you. You shall not wrong one another, but you shall fear your God; for I am Yahweh your God.
Parallel Translations
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“ ‘In this Year of Jubilee each of you shall return to his property.
“ ‘If you sell anything to your neighbor, or buy from your neighbor, you shall not wrong one another.
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In the year of this jubile ye shall return every man unto his possession.
And if thou sell ought unto thy neighbour, or buyest ought of thy neighbour’s hand, ye shall not oppress one another:
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In this year of jubilee ye shall return every man unto his possession.
And if thou sell aught unto thy neighbour, or buy of thy neighbour's hand, ye shall not wrong one another.
Examined in Scripture Analysis
Commandments (3)
The laws of the Torah, each cited and shown as a primary source.
Cross-references (35)
- Leviticus 19:13 (v14) “ ‘You shall not oppress your neighbor, nor rob him. “ ‘The wages of a hired servant shall not remain with you all night until the morning.
- Leviticus 25:10 (v13) You shall make the fiftieth year holy, and proclaim liberty throughout the land to all its inhabitants. It shall be a jubilee to you; and…
- Leviticus 25:17 (v14) You shall not wrong one another, but you shall fear your God; for I am Yahweh your God.
- Leviticus 27:17-24 (v13) If he dedicates his field from the Year of Jubilee, according to your valuation it shall stand. But if he dedicates his field after the…
- 1 Samuel 12:3-4 (v14) Here I am. Witness against me before Yahweh, and before his anointed. Whose ox have I taken? Whose donkey have I taken? Whom have I…
Show all 35 cross-references
- Isaiah 58:6 (v14) “Isn’t this the fast that I have chosen: to release the bonds of wickedness, to undo the straps of the yoke, to let the oppressed go free,…
- Ezekiel 22:7 (v14) In you have they treated father and mother with contempt. Among you they have oppressed the foreigner. In you they have wronged the…
- Ezekiel 22:12-13 (v14) In you have they taken bribes to shed blood. You have taken interest and increase, and you have greedily gained of your neighbors by…
- Amos 5:11-12 (v14) Therefore, because you trample on the poor, and take taxes from him of wheat: You have built houses of cut stone, but you will not dwell in…
- Amos 8:4-7 (v14) Hear this, you who desire to swallow up the needy, and cause the poor of the land to fail, Saying, ‘When will the new moon be gone, that we…
- Micah 2:2-3 (v14) They covet fields, and seize them; and houses, and take them away: and they oppress a man and his house, even a man and his heritage.…
- Micah 6:10-12 (v14) Are there yet treasures of wickedness in the house of the wicked, and a short ephah that is accursed? Shall I be pure with dishonest…
- James 5:1-5 (v14) Come now, you rich, weep and howl for your miseries that are coming on you. Your riches are corrupted and your garments are moth-eaten.…
- Numbers 36:4 (v13) When the jubilee of the children of Israel comes, then their inheritance will be added to the inheritance of the tribe to which they shall…
- Deuteronomy 16:19-20 (v14) You shall not pervert justice. You shall not show partiality. You shall not take a bribe, for a bribe blinds the eyes of the wise and…
- Judges 4:3 (v14) The children of Israel cried to Yahweh, for he had nine hundred chariots of iron; and he mightily oppressed the children of Israel for…
- 2 Chronicles 16:10 (v14) Then Asa was angry with the seer, and put him in the prison; for he was in a rage with him because of this thing. Asa oppressed some of the…
- Nehemiah 9:36-37 (v14) “Behold, we are servants today, and as for the land that you gave to our fathers to eat its fruit and its good, behold, we are servants in…
- Psalms 10:18 (v14) to judge the fatherless and the oppressed, that man who is of the earth may terrify no more.
- Proverbs 14:31 (v14) He who oppresses the poor shows contempt for his Maker, but he who is kind to the needy honors him.
- Proverbs 21:13 (v14) Whoever stops his ears at the cry of the poor, he will also cry out, but shall not be heard.
- Proverbs 22:16 (v14) Whoever oppresses the poor for his own increase and whoever gives to the rich, both come to poverty.
- Proverbs 28:3 (v14) A needy man who oppresses the poor is like a driving rain which leaves no crops.
- Proverbs 28:8 (v14) He who increases his wealth by excessive interest gathers it for one who has pity on the poor.
- Proverbs 28:16 (v14) A tyrannical ruler lacks judgment. One who hates ill-gotten gain will have long days.
- Ecclesiastes 5:8 (v14) If you see the oppression of the poor, and the violent taking away of justice and righteousness in a district, don’t marvel at the matter,…
- Isaiah 1:17 (v14) Learn to do well. Seek justice. Relieve the oppressed. Defend the fatherless. Plead for the widow.”
- Isaiah 3:12-15 (v14) As for my people, children are their oppressors, and women rule over them. My people, those who lead you cause you to err, and destroy the…
- Isaiah 5:7 (v14) For the vineyard of Yahweh of Armies is the house of Israel, and the men of Judah his pleasant plant: and he looked for justice, but,…
- Isaiah 33:15 (v14) He who walks righteously and speaks blamelessly, he who despises the gain of oppressions, who gestures with his hands, refusing to take a…
- Jeremiah 22:17 (v14) But your eyes and your heart are only for your covetousness, for shedding innocent blood, for oppression, and for doing violence.”
- Micah 7:3 (v14) Their hands are on that which is evil to do it diligently. The ruler and judge ask for a bribe; and the powerful man dictates the evil…
- Luke 3:14 (v14) Soldiers also asked him, saying, “What about us? What must we do?” He said to them, “Extort from no one by violence, neither accuse anyone…
- 1 Corinthians 6:8 (v14) No, but you yourselves do wrong and defraud, and that against your brothers.
- Job 20:19-20 (v14) For he has oppressed and forsaken the poor. He has violently taken away a house, and he will not build it up. “Because he knew no quietness…
Cross-references from openbible.info (CC BY 4.0)
Explain this passage (16 sources)
Historical commentary, presented as a primary source — not an endorsement.
Private notes
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Geneva Bible translators 1599 · Public Domain On v14 By deceit, or otherwise.
By deceit, or otherwise.
Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain.
John Trapp 1656 · Public Domain On vv13–14 Lev 25:13 In the year of this jubile ye…
Lev 25:13 In the year of this jubile ye shall return every man unto his possession.
Ver. 13. Ye shall return every man unto his possession.] So shall all saints to the paradise of God, at the sound of the last trumpet.
John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Matthew Poole 1685 · Public Domain On v14 Neither the seller by requiring more, nor the buyer…
Neither the seller by requiring more, nor the buyer by taking the advantage from his brother’s necessities to give him less than the worth of it.
Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
John Gill 1763 · Public Domain On vv13–14 In the year of this jubilee,.... In the beginning…
In the year of this jubilee,.... In the beginning of it, as Aben Ezra, though not on the first day of Tisri, but the tenth day, the day of atonement, when the trumpet was blown:
ye shall return every man unto his possession; which is repeated from Lev 25:10; the reason of which, the Jews say, is to include gifts, and which, according to them, are like sales, and returned in the year of "jubilee"; that is, if a man gave his estate in possession to another, he returned to it, in the year of jubilee, equally as if he had sold it; and therefore they observe the same phrase is twice used by Moses, to include gifts (y): but perhaps the truer reason is, because this was a special business done at this time, and of great importance; the word "return" being so often used, may serve to confirm the sense of the word "jubilee", given previously; see Gill on Lev 25:9.
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(y) Misn. Becorot, c. 8. sect. 10. & Bartenora in ib.
John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
John Wesley 1765 · Public Domain On v14 Ye shall not oppress - Neither the seller by…
Ye shall not oppress - Neither the seller by requiring more, nor the buyer by taking the advantage from his brother's necessities to give him less than the worth of it.
John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible (1754–1765) — public domain. Text via the GEBible commentary corpus.
Adam Clarke 1810 · Public Domain On v14 Verse 14. Ye shall not oppress one another] Ye…
Verse 14. Ye shall not oppress one another] Ye shall take no advantage of each other's ignorance either in buying or selling; for he that buys an article at less than it is worth, or sells one for more than it is worth, taking advantage in both cases of the ignorance of the vender or buyer, is no better than a thief, as he actually robs his neighbour of as much property as he has bought the article at below or sold it above its current value.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
Joseph Benson 1811 · Public Domain On v14 Lev 25:14. Ye shall not oppress — Neither the…
Lev 25:14. Ye shall not oppress — Neither the seller, by requiring more, nor the buyer, by taking the advantage from his brother’s necessities to give him less than the worth of it.
Joseph Benson's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Albert Barnes 1834 · Public Domain On v14 Sell ought - i. e., any piece of ground.
Sell ought - i. e., any piece of ground.
Oppress one another - Rather, overreach one another. (Compare 1Sa 12:3-4).
Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible (1834–1885) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary 1859 · Public Domain On v14 Grieve. Hebrew, "deceive not." St. Chrysostom observes, that to…
Grieve. Hebrew, "deceive not." St. Chrysostom observes, that to engage another to sell us any thing for what we know is beneath its value, is theft. (Grotius, Jur. ii. 12.) The Rabbins also decide that, if an Israelite be defrauded a sixth part, restitution must be made, ver. 17. (Selden, Jur. vi. 6.)
George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown 1871 · Public Domain On v13 ye shall return every man unto his possession, &c.--Inheritances,…
ye shall return every man unto his possession, &c.--Inheritances, from whatever cause, and how frequently soever they had been alienated, came back into the hands of the original proprietors. This law of entail, by which the right heir could never be excluded, was a provision of great wisdom for preserving families and tribes perfectly distinct, and their genealogies faithfully recorded, in order that all might have evidence to establish their right to the ancestral property. Hence the tribe and family of Christ were readily discovered at his birth.
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
Daniel D. Whedon 1874 · Public Domain On v14 RULES FOR THE SALE OF LAND, Lev_25:14-17.
RULES FOR THE SALE OF LAND, Lev_25:14-17.
14. If thou sell aught — This relates to real estate.
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Ye shall not oppress — R.V., not wrong one another. The capitalist shall not make his brother’s necessity his opportunity to drive a sharp bargain and buy his field “for a song,” but he shall observe the following sliding scale in reference to the approach of the next jubilee.
Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges 1878 · Public Domain On vv13–14 13. See introd. note.
13. See introd. note.
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers 1878 · Public Domain On vv13–14 (13) Ye shall return every man unto his possession.—In…
(13) Ye shall return every man unto his possession.—In the year of jubile every man is to be restored to his landed property, whether he had disposed of it by sale or by gift.
A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Pulpit Commentary 1880 · Public Domain On v13 Vers. 13-17. The Israelites were only tenants of God.…
Vers. 13-17. The Israelites were only tenants of God. They might regard themselves as owners for fifty years, but at the end of every fifty years the land was to come back to him to whom the Lord had assigned it, or to his representative. It might be bought and sold on that understanding, the value of the purchase being four. d by reckoning the price of the harvests up to the next jubilee day; but in this period only "the years of the fruits" were to be counted, that is, the sabbatical years, in which there would be no harvests, were to be deducted. Ye shall not therefore oppress (or overreach) one another by demanding more for the hind than would be its just value under the limitation of the jubilee law.
The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Expositor's Bible 1887 · Public Domain On v13 "In this year of jubilee ye shall return every…
THE JUBILEE AND THE LAND
Lev_25:13-28
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"In this year of jubilee ye shall return every man unto his possession. And if thou sell aught unto thy neighbour, or buy of thy neighbours hand, ye shall not wrong one another: according to the number of years after the jubilee thou shalt buy of thy neighbour, and according unto the number of years of the crops he shall sell unto thee. According to the multitude of the years thou shalt increase the price thereof, and according to the fewness of the years thou shalt diminish the price of it; for the number of the crops doth he sell unto thee. And ye shall not wrong one another; but thou shalt fear thy God: for I am the Lord your God. Wherefore ye shall do My statutes, and keep My judgments and do them; and ye shall dwell in the land in safety. And the land shall yield her fruit, and ye shall eat your fill, and dwell therein in safety. And if ye shall say, What shall we eat the seventh year? behold, we shall not sow, nor gather in our increase: then I will command My blessing upon you in the sixth year, and it shall bring forth fruit for the three years. And ye shall sow the eighth year, and eat of the fruits, the old store; until the ninth year, until her fruits come in, ye shall eat the old store. And the land shall not be sold in perpetuity; for the land is Mine: for ye are strangers and sojourners with Me. And in all the land of your possession ye shall grant a redemption for the land. If thy brother be waxen poor, and sell some of his possession, then shall his kinsman that is next unto him come, and shall redeem that which his brother hath sold. And if a man have no one to redeem it, and he be waxen rich and find sufficient to redeem it then let him count the years of the sale thereof, and restore the overplus unto the man to whom he sold it; and he shall return unto his possession. But if he be not able to get it back for himself, then that which he hath sold shall remain in the hand of him that hath bought it until the year of jubilee: and in the jubilee it shall go out, and he shall return unto his possession."
The remainder of the chapter (Lev_25:13-55) deals with the practical application of this law of the jubilee to various cases. In Lev_25:13-28 we have the application of the law to the case of property in land; in Lev_25:29-34, to sales of dwelling houses; and the remaining verses (Lev_25:35-55) deal with the application of this law to the institution of slavery.
As regards the first matter, the transfers of right in land, these in all cases were to be governed by the fundamental principle enounced in Lev_25:23 : "The land shall not be sold in perpetuity; for the land is Mine: for ye are strangers and sojourners with Me."
Thus in the theocracy there was no such thing as either private or communal ownership in land. Just as in some lands today the only owner of the land is the king, so it was in Israel; but in this case the King was Jehovah. From this it follows evidently, that properly speaking, according to this law, there could be no such thing in Israel as a sale or purchase of land. All that any man could buy or sell was the right to its products, and that, again, only for a limited time; for every fiftieth year the land was to revert to the family to whom its use had been originally assigned. Hence the regulations (Lev_25:14-19) regarding such transfers of the right to the use of the land. They are all governed by the simple and equitable principle that the price paid for the usufruct of the land was to be exactly proportioned to the number of years which were to elapse between the date of the sale and the reversion of the land, which would take place in the jubilee. Thus, the price for such transfer of right in the first year of the jubilee period would be at its maximum, because the sale covered the right to the produce of the land for forty-nine years; while, on the other hand, in the case of a transfer made in the forty-eighth year, the price would have fallen to a very small amount, as only the product of one years cultivation remained to be sold, and after the ensuing sabbatic year the land would revert in the jubilee to the original holder. The command to keep in mind this principle, and not wrong one another, is enforced (Lev_25:17-19) by the injunction to do this because of the fear of God; and by the promise that if Israel will obey this law, they shall dwell in safety, and have abundance.
In Lev_25:24-28, after the declaration of the fundamental law that the land belongs only to the Lord, and that they are to regard themselves as simply His tenants, "sojourners with Him," a second application of the law is made. First, it is ordered that in every case, and without reference to the year of jubilee, every landholder who through stress of poverty may be obliged to sell the usufruct of his land shall retain the right to redeem it. Three cases are assumed. First (Lev_25:25), it is ordered that if the poor man have lost his land, and have a kinsman who is able to redeem it, he shall do so. Secondly (Lev_25:26), if he have no such kinsman, but himself become able to redeem it, it shall be his privilege to do so. In both cases alike, "the overplus," i.e., the value of the land for the years still remaining till the jubilee, for which the purchaser had paid, is to be restored to him, and then the land reverts at once, without waiting for the jubilee, to the original proprietor. The third case (Lev_25:28) is that of the poor man who has no kinsman to buy back his landholding, and never becomes able to do so himself. In such a case, the purchaser was to hold it until the jubilee year, when the land reverted without compensation to the family of the poor man who had transferred it. That this was strictly equitable is self-evident, when we remember that, according to the law previously laid down, the purchaser had only paid for the value of the product of the land until the jubilee year; and when he had received its produce for that time, naturally and in strict equity his right in the land terminated.
William Robertson Nicoll, ed., The Expositor's Bible (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1887–1910) — public domain. 65 of 66 books (1 Corinthians is not separately keyed, as that volume carries no machine-parseable verse references); section-level commentary keyed to the opening verse. Introductory and overview sections not keyed to a specific passage are excluded.
unfoldingWord translationNotes 2017 · CC BY-SA 4.0 On v13 this year of Jubilee
this year of Jubilee
"this year of restoration" or "this year to return land and free slaves"
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translationWords
neighbor
unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.