Judah became the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar. Perez became the father of Hezron. Hezron became the father of Ram. Ram became the father of Amminadab. Amminadab became the father of Nahshon. Nahshon became the father of Salmon. Salmon became the father of Boaz by Rahab. Boaz became the father of Obed by Ruth. Obed became the father of Jesse. Jesse became the father of King David. David became the father of Solomon by her who had been Uriah’s wife. Solomon became the father of Rehoboam. Rehoboam became the father of Abijah. Abijah became the father of Asa. Asa became the father of Jehoshaphat. Jehoshaphat became the father of Joram. Joram became the father of Uzziah. Uzziah became the father of Jotham. Jotham became the father of Ahaz. Ahaz became the father of Hezekiah. Hezekiah became the father of Manasseh. Manasseh became the father of Amon. Amon became the father of Josiah. Josiah became the father of Jechoniah and his brothers, at the time of the exile to Babylon. After the exile to Babylon, Jechoniah became the father of Shealtiel. Shealtiel became the father of Zerubbabel. Zerubbabel became the father of Abiud. Abiud became the father of Eliakim. Eliakim became the father of Azor. Azor became the father of Zadok. Zadok became the father of Achim. Achim became the father of Eliud. Eliud became the father of Eleazar. Eleazar became the father of Matthan. Matthan became the father of Jacob. Jacob became the father of Joseph, the husband of Mary, from whom was born Jesus, who is called Christ.
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Matthew 1:3-16 sits inside this longer paragraph.
The book of the genealogy of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham. Abraham became the father of Isaac. Isaac became the father of Jacob. Jacob became the father of Judah and his brothers. Judah became the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar. Perez became the father of Hezron. Hezron became the father of Ram. Ram became the father of Amminadab. Amminadab became the father of Nahshon. Nahshon became the father of Salmon. Salmon became the father of Boaz by Rahab. Boaz became the father of Obed by Ruth. Obed became the father of Jesse. Jesse became the father of King David. David became the father of Solomon by her who had been Uriah’s wife. Solomon became the father of Rehoboam. Rehoboam became the father of Abijah. Abijah became the father of Asa. Asa became the father of Jehoshaphat. Jehoshaphat became the father of Joram. Joram became the father of Uzziah. Uzziah became the father of Jotham. Jotham became the father of Ahaz. Ahaz became the father of Hezekiah. Hezekiah became the father of Manasseh. Manasseh became the father of Amon. Amon became the father of Josiah. Josiah became the father of Jechoniah and his brothers, at the time of the exile to Babylon. After the exile to Babylon, Jechoniah became the father of Shealtiel. Shealtiel became the father of Zerubbabel. Zerubbabel became the father of Abiud. Abiud became the father of Eliakim. Eliakim became the father of Azor. Azor became the father of Zadok. Zadok became the father of Achim. Achim became the father of Eliud. Eliud became the father of Eleazar. Eleazar became the father of Matthan. Matthan became the father of Jacob. Jacob became the father of Joseph, the husband of Mary, from whom was born Jesus, who is called Christ. So all the generations from Abraham to David are fourteen generations; from David to the exile to Babylon fourteen generations; and from the carrying away to Babylon to the Christ, fourteen generations.
Parallel Translations
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Judah became the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar. Perez became the father of Hezron. Hezron became the father of Ram.
Ram became the father of Amminadab. Amminadab became the father of Nahshon. Nahshon became the father of Salmon.
Salmon became the father of Boaz by Rahab. Boaz became the father of Obed by Ruth. Obed became the father of Jesse.
Jesse became the father of King David. David became the father of Solomon by her who had been Uriah’s wife.
Solomon became the father of Rehoboam. Rehoboam became the father of Abijah. Abijah became the father of Asa.
Asa became the father of Jehoshaphat. Jehoshaphat became the father of Joram. Joram became the father of Uzziah.
Uzziah became the father of Jotham. Jotham became the father of Ahaz. Ahaz became the father of Hezekiah.
Hezekiah became the father of Manasseh. Manasseh became the father of Amon. Amon became the father of Josiah.
Josiah became the father of Jechoniah and his brothers, at the time of the exile to Babylon.
After the exile to Babylon, Jechoniah became the father of Shealtiel. Shealtiel became the father of Zerubbabel.
Zerubbabel became the father of Abiud. Abiud became the father of Eliakim. Eliakim became the father of Azor.
Azor became the father of Zadok. Zadok became the father of Achim. Achim became the father of Eliud.
Eliud became the father of Eleazar. Eleazar became the father of Matthan. Matthan became the father of Jacob.
Jacob became the father of Joseph, the husband of Mary, from whom was born Jesus, who is called Christ.
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Iudas begat Phares and zaram of Thamar: Phares begat Hesrom: Hesrom begat Aram:
Aram begat Aminadab: Aminadab begat Naasson: Naasson begat Salmon:
Salmon begat Boos of Rahab: Boos begat Obed of Ruth: Obed begat Iesse:
Iesse begat Dauid the kynge: Dauid the kynge begat Salomon of her that was the wyfe of Ury:
Salomon begat Roboam: Roboam begat Abia: Abia begat Asa:
Asa begat Iosaphat: Iosaphat begat Ioram: Ioram begat Osias:
Osias begat Ioatham: Ioatham begat Achas: Achas begat Ezechias:
Ezechias begat Manasses: Manasses begat Amon: Amon begat Iosias:
Iosias begat Iechonias and his brethren aboute the tyme they were caryed awaye to Babylon.
And after they were brought to Babylon Iechonias begat Salathiel: Salathiel begat zorobabel:
zorobabel begat Abiud: Abiud begat Eliachim: Eliachim begat Azor:
Azor begat Sadoc: Sadoc begat Achin: Achin begat Eliud:
Eliud begat Eleasar: Eleasar begat Matthan: Matthan begat Iacob:
Iacob begat Ioseph the husbande of Mary of which was boren that Iesus that is called Christ.
Show all 3 translations
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And Iudas begate Phares, and Zara of Thamar. And Phares begate Esrom. And Esrom begate Aram.
And Aram begate Aminadab. And Aminadab begate Naasson. And Naasson begat Salmon.
And Salmon begate Booz of Rachab. And Booz begat Obed of Ruth. and Obed begat Iesse.
And Iesse begate Dauid the King. And Dauid the King begate Salomon of her that was the wife of Vrias.
And Salomon begate Roboam. And Roboam begate Abia. And Abia begate Asa.
And Asa begate Iosaphat. And Iosaphat begate Ioram. And Ioram begate Hozias.
And Hozias begat Ioatham. And Ioatham begate Achaz. And Achaz begate Ezekias.
And Ezekias begate Manasses. And Manasses begate Amon. And Amon begate Iosias.
And Iosias begate Iakim. And Iakim begate Iechonias and his brethren about the time they were caried away to Babylon.
And after they were caried away into Babylon, Iechonias begate Salathiel. And Salathiel begate Zorobabel.
And Zorobabel begate Abiud. And Abiud begate Eliacim. And Eliacim begate Azor.
And Azor begate Sadoc. And Sadoc begate Achim. And Achim begate Eliud.
And Eliud begate Eleazar. And Eleazar begate Matthan. And Matthan begate Iacob.
And Iacob begat Ioseph ye husband of Mary, of whom was borne Jesus, that is called Christ.
Examined in Scripture Analysis
Contradictions (10)
Questions where the Bible appears to say two different things, with the passages on each side set together.
- How many generations must a bastard wait until his offspring can enter the congregation of the Lord?
- What were the generations from David to the Babylonian Captivity?
- From which of David's sons was Jesus descended?
Show all 10
- Who was Jesus' grandfather on his father's side?
- How many generations were there from David to Jesus?
- Who was Uzziah's father?
- Was Jechoniah the son or the grandson of Josiah?
- Who was Zerubbabel's father?
- How many generations were between the Babylonian captivity and Jesus?
- Who was Jesus's paternal grandfather?
Cross-references (124)
- Ruth 1:16-17 (v5) Ruth said, “Don’t urge me to leave you, and to return from following you, for where you go, I will go; and where you stay, I will stay.…
- Hebrews 11:31 (v5) By faith, Rahab the prostitute didn’t perish with those who were disobedient, having received the spies in peace.
- James 2:25 (v5) In the same way, wasn’t Rahab the prostitute also justified by works, in that she received the messengers and sent them out another way?
- Joshua 6:22-25 (v5) Joshua said to the two men who had spied out the land, “Go into the prostitute’s house, and bring the woman and all that she has out from…
- Ruth 1:4 (v5) They took for themselves wives of the women of Moab. The name of the one was Orpah, and the name of the other was Ruth. They lived there…
Show all 100 cross-references
- Ruth 1:22–2:4 (v5) So Naomi returned, and Ruth the Moabitess, her daughter-in-law, with her, who returned out of the country of Moab. They came to Bethlehem…
- 1 Chronicles 3:17 (v12) The sons of Jeconiah, the captive: Shealtiel his son,
- Jeremiah 27:20 (v11) which Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon didn’t take when he carried away captive Jeconiah the son of Jehoiakim, king of Judah, from Jerusalem…
- Matthew 27:17 (v16) When therefore they were gathered together, Pilate said to them, “Whom do you want me to release to you? Barabbas, or Jesus, who is called…
- Genesis 38:24-27 (v3) About three months later, Judah was told, “Tamar, your daughter-in-law, has played the prostitute. Moreover, behold, she is with child by…
- Genesis 38:29-30 (v3) As he drew back his hand, behold, his brother came out, and she said, “Why have you made a breach for yourself?” Therefore his name was…
- Genesis 46:12 (v3) The sons of Judah: Er, Onan, Shelah, Perez, and Zerah; but Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan. The sons of Perez were Hezron and Hamul.
- Ruth 4:21 (v5) and Salmon became the father of Boaz, and Boaz became the father of Obed,
- 1 Chronicles 2:11-12 (v5) and Nahshon became the father of Salma, and Salma became the father of Boaz, and Boaz became the father of Obed, and Obed became the father…
- Luke 3:23 (v16) Jesus himself, when he began to teach, was about thirty years old, being the son (as was supposed) of Joseph, the son of Heli,
- John 4:25 (v16) The woman said to him, “I know that Messiah comes, he who is called Christ. When he has come, he will declare to us all things.”
- Numbers 1:7 (v4) Of Judah: Nahshon the son of Amminadab.
- Numbers 7:12 (v4) He who offered his offering the first day was Nahshon the son of Amminadab, of the tribe of Judah,
- Joshua 2:1-22 (v5) Joshua the son of Nun secretly sent two men out of Shittim as spies, saying, “Go, view the land, including Jericho.” They went and came…
- Ruth 4:18-22 (v3) Now this is the history of the generations of Perez: Perez became the father of Hezron, and Hezron became the father of Ram, and Ram became…
- 1 Samuel 17:12 (v6) Now David was the son of that Ephrathite of Bethlehem Judah, whose name was Jesse; and he had eight sons. The man was an elderly old man in…
- 1 Kings 15:5 (v6) because David did that which was right in Yahweh’s eyes, and didn’t turn away from anything that he commanded him all the days of his life,…
- 1 Chronicles 2:10-12 (v4) Ram became the father of Amminadab, and Amminadab became the father of Nahshon, prince of the children of Judah; and Nahshon became the…
- 1 Chronicles 3:11 (v8) Joram his son, Ahaziah his son, Joash his son,
- 1 Chronicles 4:1 (v3) The sons of Judah: Perez, Hezron, Carmi, Hur, and Shobal.
- Matthew 27:22 (v16) Pilate said to them, “What then shall I do to Jesus, who is called Christ?” They all said to him, “Let him be crucified!”
- Luke 1:31-35 (v16) Behold, you will conceive in your womb and give birth to a son, and shall name him ‘Jesus.’ He will be great and will be called the Son of…
- Luke 3:32 (vv4–5) the son of Jesse, the son of Obed, the son of Boaz, the son of Salmon, the son of Nahshon,
- Numbers 2:3 (v4) Those who encamp on the east side toward the sunrise shall be of the standard of the camp of Judah, according to their divisions. The…
- 1 Samuel 16:1 (v6) Yahweh said to Samuel, “How long will you mourn for Saul, since I have rejected him from being king over Israel? Fill your horn with oil,…
- 2 Samuel 11:26-27 (v6) When Uriah’s wife heard that Uriah her husband was dead, she mourned for her husband. When the mourning was past, David sent and took her…
- 2 Samuel 12:24-25 (v6) David comforted Bathsheba his wife, and went in to her, and lay with her. She bore a son, and he called his name Solomon. Yahweh loved him;…
- 2 Samuel 23:1 (v6) Now these are the last words of David. David the son of Jesse says, the man who was raised on high says, the anointed of the God of Jacob,…
- 2 Chronicles 14:1-15 (v7) So Abijah slept with his fathers, and they buried him in David’s city; and Asa his son reigned in his place. In his days, the land was…
- 2 Chronicles 26:1-23 (v8) All the people of Judah took Uzziah, who was sixteen years old, and made him king in the place of his father Amaziah. He built Eloth, and…
- 2 Chronicles 32:33–35:27 (v10) Hezekiah slept with his fathers, and they buried him in the ascent of the tombs of the sons of David. All Judah and the inhabitants of…
- Ezra 3:2 (v12) Then Jeshua the son of Jozadak stood up with his brothers the priests, and Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel and his brothers, and built the…
- Jeremiah 52:11-15 (v11) He put out the eyes of Zedekiah; and the king of Babylon bound him in fetters, and carried him to Babylon, and put him in prison until the…
- Jeremiah 52:28-30 (v11) This is the number of the people whom Nebuchadnezzar carried away captive: in the seventh year, three thousand twenty-three Jews; in the…
- Daniel 1:2 (v11) The Lord gave Jehoiakim king of Judah into his hand, with part of the vessels of the house of God; and he carried them into the land of…
- Matthew 2:13 (v16) Now when they had departed, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream, saying, “Arise and take the young child and his…
- Mark 6:3 (v16) Isn’t this the carpenter, the son of Mary, and brother of James, Joses, Judah, and Simon? Aren’t his sisters here with us?” They were…
- Luke 1:27 (v16) to a virgin pledged to be married to a man whose name was Joseph, of David’s house. The virgin’s name was Mary.
- Luke 2:4-5 (v16) Joseph also went up from Galilee, out of the city of Nazareth, into Judea, to David’s city, which is called Bethlehem, because he was of…
- Luke 2:7 (v16) She gave birth to her firstborn son. She wrapped him in bands of cloth, and laid him in a feeding trough, because there was no room for…
- Luke 2:10-11 (v16) The angel said to them, “Don’t be afraid, for behold, I bring you good news of great joy which will be to all the people. For there is born…
- Luke 2:48 (v16) When they saw him, they were astonished, and his mother said to him, “Son, why have you treated us this way? Behold, your father and I were…
- Luke 4:22 (v16) All testified about him, and wondered at the gracious words which proceeded out of his mouth, and they said, “Isn’t this Joseph’s son?”
- Numbers 7:17 (v4) and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two head of cattle, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the…
- Numbers 10:14 (v4) First, the standard of the camp of the children of Judah went forward according to their armies. Nahshon the son of Amminadab was over his…
- Numbers 26:20-21 (v3) The sons of Judah after their families were: of Shelah, the family of the Shelanites; of Perez, the family of the Perezites; of Zerah, the…
- Ruth 4:19-20 (v4) and Hezron became the father of Ram, and Ram became the father of Amminadab, and Amminadab became the father of Nahshon, and Nahshon became…
- Ruth 4:22 (v6) and Obed became the father of Jesse, and Jesse became the father of David.
- 1 Samuel 16:11-13 (v6) Samuel said to Jesse, “Are all your children here?” He said, “There remains yet the youngest. Behold, he is keeping the sheep.” Samuel said…
- 1 Samuel 17:58 (v6) Saul said to him, “Whose son are you, you young man?” David answered, “I am the son of your servant Jesse the Bethlehemite.”
- 1 Kings 11:43–12:24 (v7) Solomon slept with his fathers, and was buried in his father David’s city; and Rehoboam his son reigned in his place. Rehoboam went to…
- 1 Kings 13:2 (v10) He cried against the altar by Yahweh’s word, and said, “Altar! Altar! Yahweh says: ‘Behold, a son will be born to David’s house, Josiah by…
- 1 Kings 14:31 (v7) Rehoboam slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in David’s city. His mother’s name was Naamah the Ammonitess. Abijam his…
- 1 Kings 15:8-23 (v7) Abijam slept with his fathers, and they buried him in David’s city; and Asa his son reigned in his place. In the twentieth year of Jeroboam…
- 1 Kings 15:24 (v8) Asa slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in his father David’s city; and Jehoshaphat his son reigned in his place.
- 1 Kings 22:2-50 (v8) In the third year, Jehoshaphat the king of Judah came down to the king of Israel. The king of Israel said to his servants, “You know that…
- 2 Kings 3:1 (v8) Now Jehoram the son of Ahab began to reign over Israel in Samaria in the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, and reigned twelve…
- 2 Kings 8:16 (v8) In the fifth year of Joram the son of Ahab king of Israel, Jehoshaphat being king of Judah then, Jehoram the son of Jehoshaphat king of…
- 2 Kings 14:21 (v8) All the people of Judah took Azariah, who was sixteen years old, and made him king in the place of his father Amaziah.
- 2 Kings 15:1-6 (v8) In the twenty-seventh year of Jeroboam king of Israel, Azariah son of Amaziah king of Judah began to reign. He was sixteen years old when…
- 2 Kings 15:7 (v9) Azariah slept with his fathers; and they buried him with his fathers in David’s city: and Jotham his son reigned in his place.
- 2 Kings 15:32–16:20 (v9) In the second year of Pekah the son of Remaliah king of Israel, Jotham the son of Uzziah king of Judah began to reign. He was twenty-five…
- 2 Kings 18:1-20 (v9) Now in the third year of Hoshea son of Elah king of Israel, Hezekiah the son of Ahaz king of Judah began to reign. He was twenty-five years…
- 2 Kings 20:21–23:30 (v10) Hezekiah slept with his fathers, and Manasseh his son reigned in his place. The king sent, and they gathered to him all the elders of Judah…
- 2 Kings 23:31–24:20 (v11) Jehoahaz was twenty-three years old when he began to reign; and he reigned three months in Jerusalem. His mother’s name was Hamutal the…
- 2 Kings 24:3-4 (v10) Surely at the commandment of Yahweh this came on Judah, to remove them out of his sight, for the sins of Manasseh, according to all that he…
- 2 Kings 25:11 (v11) Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard carried away captive the residue of the people who were left in the city, and those who fell away, who…
- 1 Chronicles 3:5 (v6) and these were born to him in Jerusalem: Shimea, Shobab, Nathan, and Solomon, four, of Bathshua the daughter of Ammiel;
- 1 Chronicles 3:10-14 (v7) Solomon’s son was Rehoboam, Abijah his son, Asa his son, Jehoshaphat his son, Joram his son, Ahaziah his son, Joash his son, Amaziah his…
- 1 Chronicles 3:11-13 (v9) Joram his son, Ahaziah his son, Joash his son, Amaziah his son, Azariah his son, Jotham his son, Ahaz his son, Hezekiah his son, Manasseh…
- 1 Chronicles 3:13-15 (v10) Ahaz his son, Hezekiah his son, Manasseh his son, Amon his son, and Josiah his son. The sons of Josiah: the firstborn Johanan, the second…
- 1 Chronicles 3:15-17 (v11) The sons of Josiah: the firstborn Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, and the fourth Shallum. The sons of Jehoiakim:…
- 1 Chronicles 3:19-24 (v12) The sons of Pedaiah: Zerubbabel and Shimei. The sons of Zerubbabel: Meshullam and Hananiah; and Shelomith was their sister; and Hashubah,…
- 1 Chronicles 11:41 (v6) Uriah the Hittite, Zabad the son of Ahlai,
- 1 Chronicles 14:4 (v6) These are the names of the children whom he had in Jerusalem: Shammua, Shobab, Nathan, Solomon,
- 2 Chronicles 9:31 (v7) Solomon slept with his fathers, and he was buried in his father David’s city: and Rehoboam his son reigned in his place.
- 2 Chronicles 12:1 (v7) When the kingdom of Rehoboam was established and he was strong, he abandoned Yahweh’s law, and all Israel with him.
- 2 Chronicles 13:7 (v7) Worthless men were gathered to him, wicked fellows who strengthened themselves against Rehoboam the son of Solomon, when Rehoboam was young…
- 2 Chronicles 17:1-19 (v8) Jehoshaphat his son reigned in his place, and strengthened himself against Israel. He placed forces in all the fortified cities of Judah,…
- 2 Chronicles 21:1 (v8) Jehoshaphat slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in David’s city, and Jehoram his son reigned in his place.
- 2 Chronicles 26:21 (v9) Uzziah the king was a leper to the day of his death, and lived in a separate house, being a leper; for he was cut off from Yahweh’s house.…
- 2 Chronicles 27:1–29:32 (v9) Jotham was twenty-five years old when he began to reign, and he reigned sixteen years in Jerusalem. His mother’s name was Jerushah the…
- 2 Chronicles 36:1-8 (v11) Then the people of the land took Jehoahaz the son of Josiah, and made him king in his father’s place in Jerusalem. Joahaz was twenty-three…
- 2 Chronicles 36:10 (v11) At the return of the year, king Nebuchadnezzar sent and brought him to Babylon, with the valuable vessels of Yahweh’s house, and made…
- 2 Chronicles 36:20 (v11) He carried those who had escaped from the sword away to Babylon, and they were servants to him and his sons until the reign of the kingdom…
- Isaiah 7:1-13 (v9) In the days of Ahaz the son of Jotham, the son of Uzziah, king of Judah, Rezin the king of Syria, and Pekah the son of Remaliah, king of…
- Isaiah 36:1-22 (v9) Now in the fourteenth year of king Hezekiah, Sennacherib king of Assyria attacked all of the fortified cities of Judah and captured them.…
- Jeremiah 1:2-3 (v10) Yahweh’s word came to him in the days of Josiah the son of Amon, king of Judah, in the thirteenth year of his reign. It came also in the…
- Jeremiah 2:10-28 (v11) For pass over to the islands of Kittim, and see. Send to Kedar, and consider diligently, and see if there has been such a thing. Has a…
- Jeremiah 39:9 (v11) Then Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard carried away captive into Babylon the residue of the people who remained in the city, the…
- Haggai 1:14 (v12) Yahweh stirred up the spirit of Zerubbabel, the son of Shealtiel, governor of Judah, and the spirit of Joshua, the son of Jehozadak, the…
- Matthew 1:18-25 (v16) Now the birth of Jesus Christ was like this: After his mother, Mary, was engaged to Joseph, before they came together, she was found…
- Luke 3:27 (v12) the son of Joanan, the son of Rhesa, the son of Zerubbabel, the son of Shealtiel, the son of Neri,
- Luke 3:33 (v3) the son of Amminadab, the son of Aram, the son of Hezron, the son of Perez, the son of Judah,
- Genesis 38:6 (v3) Judah took a wife for Er, his firstborn, and her name was Tamar.
100 distinct cross-references across this passage (124 total citations).
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Geneva Bible translators 1599 · Public Domain On vv10–11 2 Kings 20:21; 2 Kings 28:11; 1 Chron. 3:13-15
2 Kings 20:21; 2 Kings 28:11; 1 Chron. 3:13-15
Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain.
John Trapp 1656 · Public Domain On vv3–16 3 And Judas begat Phares and Zara of Thamar;…
3 And Judas begat Phares and Zara of Thamar; and Phares begat Esrom; and Esrom begat Aram;
Ver. 3. And Judah begat Phares and Zarah] Jerome is deceived, that deriveth the pedigree of the Pharisees from this Phares. They took their name either of Pharash, to expound as interpreters of the law, Rom 2:18; or of Pharas, to separate with a-"Stand further off, for I am holier than thou." Josephus saith, that the Pharisees seemed to outstrip all others both in height of holiness and depth of learning: συνταγμα τι Ιουδαιων ευσεβεστερων τον βιον, και δοκουντωνακριβεστερον των αλλων τον νομον εφηγεισθαι. B. J. i. 4. As for Pharos, he was a breachmaker (whence also he had his name, Gen 38:29). He violently took the first birthright, and became both a father of the Messiah and a type. For Christ by his strength broke the power of death and hell; he broke down also the partition wall that was between the Jews and Gentiles, who when they shall be fully born, then shall the Jews, typified by Zarah, who thrust forth the hand first, as those that, willing to be justified by their works, and thinking to regenerate themselves, had the scarlet thread of the law’s condemnation bound upon their hands, which therefore they drew back and fell from God, -then shall they, I say, come forth again, Rom 11:11-12; Rom 11:25-26.
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Of Thamar] A Canaanitess, but probably a proselyte. The Jews say she was Melchisedec’s daughter, the high priest, and was therefore to be burned, Lev 21:9. But this may well pass for a Jewish fable: howbeit, that Melchisedec was a Canaanite, but a most righteous king and priest of the most high God, and was therefore not molested or meddled with by Kedarlaomer and his accomplices, I judge not unlikely. This Thamar, out of desire, partly of revenge, and partly of issue, fell into the sin of incest. Rahab was a harlot, Bathsheba an adulteress: yet all these grandmothers to our Saviour; who, because he needed not to be ennobled by his stock, so neither was disparaged by his progenitors, but took flesh of these greatest sinners to show that we cannot commit more than he can remit; and that by his purity he washeth off all our spots, like as the sun wasteth and wipeth away all the ill vapours of the earth and air.
And Phares begat Esrom] When he was about fourteen years of age, the year before they went down to Egypt, say some: others view it otherwise. (Pareus in Gen.; Funccius in Chronol. Com., Anno 2273.) Let him that readeth understand as he can. Christ (the Arch-Prophet), when he comes again, shall teach us all things.
Esrom begat Aram] While they sojourned in the land of Egypt; a miserable home, where was nothing but bondage and tyranny. And yet in reference to it, Moses (who was likewise born there) calls his son Gershom, or a stranger there, because born in Midian. The sons of Ephraim, about the birth of Moses, sought to break prison before God’s delivery: but this proved a great mischief to themselves, and no small heart break to their aged father, 1Ch 7:21-22 Psa 78:9. Besides that, it gave occasion, likely, to that cruel edict of Pharaoh: "Let us deal wisely" (St Stephen saith sophistically, subtilly, κατασοφισαμενος, Act 7:19), "lest they multiply and join also to our enemies, and fight against us" (as now they have fought against the Gittites, their own enemies, who detained from them the promised land, till their sins were full), and "so get them up out of the land," as lately they had essayed to do. "Therefore they did set over them taskmasters to afflict them with their burdens," Exo 1:11, and to keep them from spawning so fast, after the manner of fishes (as the word imports), which multiply beyond measure. But God turned their wisdom into folly; they took a wrong course. For who knows not that your labouring men have the most and the strongest children? And notwithstanding this new Pharaoh’s craft and cruelty,
John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Matthew Poole 1685 · Public Domain On vv3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16 That Judas begat Phares and Zara (they were twins…
That Judas begat Phares and Zara (they were twins begot of Thamar his daughter-in-law), the relict of his son Er whom God slew, Gen 38:7, appeareth from Gen 38:27-30. That
Phares begat Ezrom appeareth from Rth 4:18; 1Ch 2:5; and from the same texts appears also that
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Ezrom begat Aram, Rth 4:19; 1Ch 2:9, where he is called Ram. Some may possibly be offended that amongst all the ancestors of Christ there are but three women named, and all of them such as had a great stain and blot upon their reputation. This
Thamar, the mother of Phares and Zara, was blotted with incest, and Phares was one of the children begot in that incest. Rahab also is mentioned, Mat 1:5, whom the Scripture calleth an harlot, Jos 2:1; and Bathsheba was stained with adultery. But we ought to consider:
1. That (abating original corruption, which we indeed all derive from our parents) no man derives any intrinsic badness from the vice of his parents, though he may derive a blot upon his honour and reputation from it.
2. That this was one degree of our Saviour’s humiliation.
3. That it was no way incongruous, that He who came into the world to die for great sinners, should be born of some that were such.
Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
William Burkitt 1703 · Public Domain On v5 Observe, Here are several women mentioned in our Savior’s…
Observe, Here are several women mentioned in our Savior’s genealogy, and all, or most of them, have a brand of infamy upon them. Thamar was one, with whom her father-in-law, Judah, committed incest; Rahab is called an harlot; Ruth came of Moab, whom Lot begat of his own daughter; and Bathsheba, the wife of Uriah, was one with whom David had committed adultery.
Now the wisdom of God has thought fit to leave all this upon record for several ends and purposes.
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1. To denote the freeness of God’s grace, which extends itself in the saving effects and benefits of it to them that are most unworthy and ill-derserving.
2. To encourage the greatest sinners to unto Christ by faith, and seek to be ingrafted into him: for as Christ, by the power of his godhead, did purify our nature from all the pollution of our ancestors, so he can, by the power of his grace and spirit, sanctify our persons and natures, how foul and impure soever they either are or have been.
3. Hereby our Lord gives us to understand, That he came to save the most notorious sinners, as well as those lives have been less scandalous.
4. This is recorded for the support of such as are illegitimate and base-born, how vile soever their parents’ sin has rendered them in the eyes of men, it is their own sin only which exposes them to contempt in the sight of God. It is not illegitimacy, but unregeneracy, that makes us objects of God’s wrath.
William Burkitt's Expository Notes on the New Testament (1700–1703) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
John Gill 1763 · Public Domain On vv3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16 And Judas begat Phares and Zara of Thamar,.... The…
And Judas begat Phares and Zara of Thamar,.... The genealogical account of Christ goes on from Judah in the line of Phares, with whom Zara is mentioned; not because they were twins, for so were Jacob and Esau, and yet the latter is taken no notice of; but it may be because of what happened at their birth, see Gen 38:28. But the line of the Messiah was in Phares, and very rightly is he put in the genealogy of Christ, the Jews themselves being witnesses; who expressly say, that "the Messiah comes from him." These two are said to be begotten of Thamar, daughter-in-law to Judah; who, though she was a Canaanitish woman, has the honour to be named in the genealogy of Christ, who came to save Gentiles as well as Jews: nor can the Jews reproach our Evangelist for putting her into the account; since they themselves frequently acknowledge that the Messiah was to spring from her: they say, (r).
"there are two women from whom come David the king, and Solomon, and the king Messiah; and these two are Thamar and Ruth.''
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Jonathan Ben Uzziel on Gen 38:6 says, that Thamar was the daughter of Shem the great.
And Phares begat Esrom; called Hezron, Rut 4:18 where the same phrase is used as here. He had another son called Hamul, Ch1 2:5 but the account proceeds from Phares, in the line of Esrom.
And Esrom begat Aram; called Ram in Rut 4:18 where the same way of speaking is used as here. Esrom also besides him begat Jerahmeel, Chelubai, or Caleb, and Segub, Ch1 2:9 but these are not in the line. Elihu, who conversed with Job, is said to be of the kindred of Ram, Job 32:2 whether the same with Ram or Aram, may be inquired.
(r) Shemot Rabba, sect. 30. fol. 131. 4. Caphtor, fol. 122. 1.
John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
John Wesley 1765 · Public Domain On vv3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 11, 16 Of Thamar - St. Matthew adds the names of…
Of Thamar - St. Matthew adds the names of those women also, that were remarkable in the sacred history.
John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible (1754–1765) — public domain. Text via the GEBible commentary corpus.
Adam Clarke 1810 · Public Domain On vv3, 8, 11, 12, 16 Verse 3. Phares and Zara] The remarkable history of…
Verse 3. Phares and Zara] The remarkable history of these twins may be seen, Gen. 38: Some of the ancients were of opinion, that the evangelist refers to the mystery of the youngest being preferred to the eldest, as prefiguring the exaltation of the Christian Church over the synagogue. Concerning the women whose names are recorded in this genealogy, see the note at the end of the chapter.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
Joseph Benson 1811 · Public Domain On vv3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 16 Mat 1:3. And Judas begat Phares and Zara —…
Mat 1:3. And Judas begat Phares and Zara — Some have observed that these sons of Judah are mentioned together because they were twins born at the same time: but if this had been a reason for assigning Zara the honour of being named in this genealogy, Esau, the twin brother of Jacob, ought to have obtained it likewise. He seems rather to be mentioned to prevent any mistake. For if he had not, considering the infamy of Pharez’s birth, we might have been apt to imagine that not the Pharez whom Judah begat in incest, but another son of Judah, called Pharez, was our Lord’s progenitor, it being no uncommon thing among the Jews to have several children of the same name. Wherefore, to put the matter beyond doubt, Thamar, as well as Zara, is mentioned in the genealogy, if her name be not rather added because she was remarkable in the sacred history. This reason certainly must be assigned why three other women are named in this catalogue, viz., Rahab, Ruth, and Bathsheba. They were all remarkable characters, and their story is particularly related in the Old Testament. This seems much more probable than the opinion of those who think they are mentioned, either because they were great sinners, to teach us that Christ came to save such, or with a view to obviate the cavils of the Jews against the mean condition of the mother of our Lord; their renowned ancestors, such as even David and Solomon, being descended of women whose quality rendered them much meaner than she was. It was, however, one degree of our Saviour’s humiliation, that he would be born of such sinners, and it certainly may encourage the vilest to come unto him, and expect salvation from him. Nor shall they be disappointed, if, in true repentance and lively faith, they turn from their sins to God.
Joseph Benson's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary 1859 · Public Domain On vv3, 5, 6, 8, 11, 12, 16 See Genesis xxxviii, ver. 6. & dein. and Zera…
See Genesis xxxviii, ver. 6. & dein. and Zera of Thamar, her daughter-in-law. (Haydock)
George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown 1871 · Public Domain On vv3, 7, 11, 12, 13, 16 And Judas begat Phares and Zara of Thamar; and…
And Judas begat Phares and Zara of Thamar; and Phares begat Esrom; and Esrom begat Aram; 4. And Aram begat Aminadab; and Aminadab begat Naasson; and Naasson begat Salmon; 5. And Salmon begat Booz of Rachab; and Booz begat Obed of Ruth; and Obed begat Jesse; 6. And Jesse begat David the king; and David the king begat Solomon of her of Urias--Four women are here introduced; two of them Gentiles by birth--Rachab and Ruth; and three of them with a blot at their names in the Old Testament--Thamar, Rachab, and Bath-sheba. This feature in the present genealogy--herein differing from that given by Luke--comes well from him who styles himself in his list of the Twelve, what none of the other lists do, "Matthew the publican"; as if thereby to hold forth, at the very outset, the unsearchable riches of that grace which could not only fetch in "them that are afar off," but teach down even to "publicans and harlots," and raise them to "sit with the princes of his people." David is here twice emphatically styled "David the king," as not only the first of that royal line from which Messiah was to descend, but the one king of all that line from which the throne that Messiah was to occupy took its name--"the throne of David." The angel Gabriel, in announcing Him to His virgin-mother, calls it "the throne of David His father," sinking all the intermediate kings of that line, as having no importance save as links to connect the first and the last king of Israel as father and son. It will be observed that Rachab is here represented as the great-grandmother of David (see Rut 4:20-22; Ch1 2:11-15) --a thing not beyond possibility indeed, but extremely improbable, there being about four centuries between them. There can hardly be a doubt that one or two intermediate links are omitted.
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
Daniel D. Whedon 1874 · Public Domain On v3 3. Phares and Zara — Gen_38:27. From Pharez to…
3. Phares and Zara — Gen_38:27. From Pharez to David the genealogy is furnished in Rth_4:18-22.
We present a comparative catalogue of the names in Matthew, and the Old Testament:
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MATTHEWGEN . 5, 10, 11, and Ruth 41 CHR . 1, 2, 3.AbrahamAbram3AbrahamIsaac— —IsaacJacob— —IsraelJudas— —JudahPhares— —PharezEsromHezronHezronAramRamRamAminadabAmminadabAmminadabNaasonNahshonNahshonSalmonSalmonSalmaBoozBoazBoazObedObedObedJesseJesseJesseDavid, 14DavidDavid, 14Solomon— —SolomonRoboam— —RehoboamAbia— —AbiaAsa— —AsaJosaphat— —JehosaphatJoram— —Joram— —— —Ahazia— —— —Joash— —— —AmaziahOziasDavidAzariahJoatham— —JothamAchaz— —AhazEzekias— —HezekiahManasses— —ManassehAmon— —AmonJosias— —Josiah— — , 14— —JehoiakimJechonias— —JeconiahSalathiel— —Salathiel & PedaiahZorobabel— —Zerubbabel— —— —Hananiah— —— —Pelatiah & Rephaiah— —— —ArnanAbiud— —ObadiahEliakim— —Shechaniah— —— —Shemaiah— —— —NeariahAzor— —Elioenai & Azrikam— —— —Johanan & AnaniSadoc— —— —Acheim— —— —Elioud— —— —Eleazar— —— —Matthan— —— —Jacob— —— —Joseph— —— —Jesus, 14— —— —See an excellent article by Dr. Strong, in the Methodist Quarterly Review, October, 1852, for an investigation of these genealogies.
By comparing these lists, it will be seen that there are three names, Ahaziah, Joash, and Amaziah, which occur in the Old Testament, (namely, in Chronicles,) which are omitted in Matthew in making out the second of his three fourteens in Mat_1:17. If these were reckoned, the number would be seventeen. Upon this, we shall remark in our note on that verse.
In the article to which we have referred, Dr. Strong compares the genealogy of Matthew (which we might call the home family tree of Joseph) with those of Luke and Chronicles, in the third fourteen; he finds farther omissions in it; and after elaborately showing the fair agreement of names between the three catalogues of this fourteen, he makes the following statement:
“As the list in the Chronicles ends here, bringing down the lineage some nine generations after Zerubbabel, under whom the Jews returned from the Babylonian captivity, that is, to about B.C. 280, we have only the surprisingly short period of about two centuries and a half preceding Christ’s immediate parentage, during which his whole descent is not vouched for by the sacred archives of the Jewish nation.”
Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges 1878 · Public Domain On vv3, 5, 6, 8, 11, 12, 13, 16 3. Thamar] St Matthew also differs from St Luke…
3. Thamar] St Matthew also differs from St Luke in naming women in the genealogy. Of the four mentioned two—Rahab and Ruth—are foreigners, and three—Thamar, Rahab and Bathsheba—were stained with sin. The purpose of the Evangelist in recording their names may be to shew that He who came to save “that which was lost,” the Friend of sinners, does not scorn such descent.
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers 1878 · Public Domain On vv3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 11, 12 (3) Thamar.—The occurrence of the names of women in…
(3) Thamar.—The occurrence of the names of women in genealogies was the exception rather than the rule among the Jews; but there are instances enough in the Old Testament (e.g., Keturah, Gen_25:1; the wives of Esau, Gen_36:10; Timna, Gen_36:22; Mehetabel, Gen_36:39; Azubah, the wife of Caleb, 1Ch_2:18; Achsa, his daughter, 1Ch_2:49; and many others) to make the insertion of such names here quite natural, even without assuming any distinct purpose. It was enough that the women were historically notable. In the case of Thamar there were precedents enough for such an honourable mention. In the days of Ruth she was as much the heroine of the tribe of Judah as Rachel and Leah were of all Israel, and her name came into the formula of nuptial benediction (Rth_4:12). It appears also in the genealogies of 1Ch_2:4. It would appear from the language of the Talmud as if the Jews looked on her strange and to us revolting history with quite other feelings. To them she was as one who, at the risk of shame, and, it might be, death, had preserved the line of Judah from destruction, and “therefore was counted worthy to be the mother of kings and prophets.” The mention of Zara, though not in the line of succession, follows the precedent of 1Ch_2:47.
A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Pulpit Commentary 1880 · Public Domain On vv3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16 Of Thamar (Tamer, Revised Version). In this genealogy the…
Of Thamar (Tamer, Revised Version). In this genealogy the only women mentioned beside the Virgin Mary herself, who must of necessity be introduced, are Tamar, Rahab, Ruth, and Bathsheba, and many explanations have been suggested why these should be specially singled out for notice. The most plausible reasons put forward have been that they are introduced because of the sins with which all but one of them were stained, and because two were not of the race of Israel. Thus, it has been thought, St. Matthew would, in the outset of his Gospel, proclaim Christ as the Friend, even the Kinsman, of sinners, and the Saviour offered to Gentiles as well as to Jews. It is probably wiser not to put so deep a meaning on the appearance of these names, but to consider that they are here because in each case the circumstances were different from the ordinary steps of the genealogy. Had they been in the same position as all the other wives and mothers who are unnamed, they also would have been left unnamed.
Vers. 3, 5. Strange links in genealogical chains.
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It must strike every reader as singular, that the women introduced in the genealogies are of doubtful character or of foreign relations. "The mention of the four women, Tamar, Rahab, Ruth, and Bathsheba, in such a pedigree is very significant. Tamar, the forgotten one, twice left a childless widow; Rahab, not only of the accursed seed of the Canaanites, but moreover a harlot; Ruth, also a long-childless widow, and a stranger, and born of the stock of Moab, that nation of incestuous origin, forbidden to enter the house of the Lord unto the tenth generation; and lastly, the wife of Uriah, the very mention of whom, under this designation, only draws attention to her sin; all these are seen incorporated into the line of the children of Abraham, nay, more, into the holy genealogy of Christ." What can it be intended that these strange links should teach us?
I MAN"S WILFULNESS IS NOT ALLOWED TO HINDER. GOD"S PURPOSES. Marriage of Jews beyond the limits of the nation was strictly forbidden; and such marriages were a fruitful source of evil, as, is illustrated in the times of Balaam and of Nehemiah. We can clearly see man"s wilfulness in the marriages of Rahab and Ruth, who were both foreigners, and worse than wilfulness in David"s marrying Bathsheba. Such wilfulness we might expect would thwart the Divine purpose for the race; but instead, it was overruled. God"s thought cannot be frustrated. If man resists, he will simply be borne along on the current of God"s outworking purpose.
II GOD LETS CHARACTER TRIUMPH OVER MERE RACEDISABILITIES. This is illustrated in the cases of Rahab and Ruth, the fine illustrations of faith in God and of the loyalty of sincere love. That faith ennobled a Canaanite in the sight of God. That loyalty of love beautified a Moabite in the sight of God. And so our Lord taught that the humbled, penitent, believing "publicans and harlots" entered his kingdom rather than Abraham-born Jews, who had nothing to boast of but a pedigree.
III GENTILES HAVE A CLEAR CLAIM TO THE BENEFITS OF MESSIAH"S WORK. They have an actual part in him. The blood of two Gentile mothers is in the Saviour of the world. The Gentiles need rest in no mere permission to share Jewish privilege: they can claim their rights in Jesus. He is "a Light to lighten the Gentiles. R.T.
The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Biblical Illustrator 1887 · Public Domain On v16 Joseph the husband of Mary.
Mat_1:16-17
Joseph the husband of Mary.
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Jesus the seed of the woman
1. Jesus is the Christ.
2. He has a human ancestry.
3. He has a Jewish ancestry.
4. He has a Gentile ancestry.
5. He has a royal ancestry.
6. He has a lowly ancestry.
7. He has a holy ancestry.
8. He has an imperfect ancestry.
9. He has a mortal ancestry.
10. He has an immortal. (Dr. Bonar.)
Joseph and Mary were one thing by right of inheritance, another by present condition. They were successors to the kingdom of Israel, but were poor. Why does God permit the righteous to be deprived of their right and to be brought to poverty?
1. Because thus He will prove them.
2. Because worldly abundance is not so fit for them.
3. That He may crown them with future blessedness more abundantly.
4. That He may let us see how careful He is of us when we are in need.
5. How content were Joseph and Mary in their low estate.
6. The way to heaven is by adversity. (R. Ward.)
The Biblical Illustrator, edited by Joseph S. Exell (c. 1880s–1900s) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
B. W. Johnson 1891 · Public Domain On vv3, 6, 8, 11, 12, 16 3. Tamar. Three women are named in this list:…
3. Tamar. Three women are named in this list: Tamar, Rahab, and Ruth. These were all Gentile women, and are named for this reason, and for their remarkable history. There were stains upon the character of Tamar (Gen. 38:11–30) and of Rahab (Josh. 2:1), but Ruth is one of the sweetest women of the Bible.
B. W. Johnson's The People's New Testament with Notes (1889–1891) — public domain. Electronic text from the Christian Classics Ethereal Library (CCEL) ThML edition.
C. I. Scofield 1917 · Public Domain On vv10, 16 Josiah, 1Ki 13:2
Josias
Josiah, 1Ki 13:2
The Scofield Reference Bible (1917 edition), notes by C. I. Scofield — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
unfoldingWord translationNotes 2017 · CC BY-SA 4.0 On vv4, 7, 9, 12, 15 Amminadab the father ... Nahshon the father
Amminadab the father ... Nahshon the father
Here the word "was" is understood. AT: "Amminadab was the father ... Nahshon was the father" (See: Ellipsis)
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Salmon was the father of Boaz by Rahab
"Salmon was the father of Boaz, and Boaz's mother was Rahab" or "Salmon and Rahab were the parents of Boaz"
Boaz the father ... Obed the father
Here the word "was" is understood. AT: "Boaz was the father ... Obed was the father" (See: Ellipsis)
Boaz the father of Obed by Ruth
"Boaz was the father of Obed, and Obed's mother was Ruth" or "Boaz and Ruth were the parents of Obed"
David the father of Solomon by the wife of Uriah
Here the word "was" is understood. "David was the father of Solomon, and Solomon's mother was Uriah's wife" or "David and the wife of Uriah were the parents of Solomon" (See: Ellipsis)
the wife of Uriah
"the widow of Uriah." Solomon was born after Uriah died.
translationWords
Boaz
Rahab
Ruth
Jesse
David
king
unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.
Tyndale Open Study Notes 2022 · CC BY-SA 4.0 On vv5, 7, 8, 11, 12, 16 1:5 Rahab was the Gentile prostitute who risked her…
1:5 Rahab was the Gentile prostitute who risked her life to harbor Joshua’s two spies in Jericho (Josh 2:1-21). Her inclusion in the ancestry of the Messiah emphasizes the grace of God. Elsewhere she is commended for her faith in the God of Israel and for righteous deeds (Heb 11:31; Jas 2:25).
Tyndale Open Study Notes — © Tyndale Open Resources, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API.