Moses sent them from the wilderness of Paran according to the commandment of Yahweh. All of them were men who were heads of the children of Israel.
These were their names: Of the tribe of Reuben, Shammua the son of Zaccur.
Of the tribe of Simeon, Shaphat the son of Hori.
Of the tribe of Judah, Caleb the son of Jephunneh.
Of the tribe of Issachar, Igal the son of Joseph.
Of the tribe of Ephraim, Hoshea the son of Nun.
Of the tribe of Benjamin, Palti the son of Raphu.
Of the tribe of Zebulun, Gaddiel the son of Sodi.
Of the tribe of Joseph, of the tribe of Manasseh, Gaddi the son of Susi.
Of the tribe of Dan, Ammiel the son of Gemalli.
Of the tribe of Asher, Sethur the son of Michael.
Of the tribe of Naphtali, Nahbi the son of Vophsi.
Of the tribe of Gad, Geuel the son of Machi.
These are the names of the men who Moses sent to spy out the land. Moses called Hoshea the son of Nun Joshua.
Geneva Bible translators 1599 · Public Domain On vv3, 4, 9 After the people had required it of Moses, as…
After the people had required it of Moses, as it is in Deut. 1:22, then the Lord spake to Moses so to do.
Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain.
John Trapp 1656 · Public Domain On vv3, 6, 16 Num 13:3 And Moses by the commandment of the…
Num 13:3 And Moses by the commandment of the LORD sent them from the wilderness of Paran: all those men [were] heads of the children of Israel.
Ver. 3. By the commandment of the Lord.] That is, by his permission; {See Trapp on "Num 13:1"} God’s command was, that they should forthwith, without any further search, go up and possess the land. {Deu 1:21} Now wicked men are esteemed unjust, because they act against God’s command, though according to his decree; like as believers are esteemed just, not because they obey God’s decree, but his command.
John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Matthew Poole 1685 · Public Domain On vv11, 16 i.e. Of that part of the tribe of Joseph…
i.e. Of that part of the tribe of Joseph which is peculiarly called
the tribe of Manasseh, as the other part of it was called the tribe of Ephraim, Num 13:8. The name of Joseph is elsewhere appropriated to Ephraim, as Eze 37:16,19; Re 7:8; here to Manasseh; possibly to aggravate the sin of the ruler of this tribe, who did so basely degenerate from his noble ancestor, Joseph.
Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
John Gill 1763 · Public Domain On vv3–16 And Moses, by the commandment of the Lord,.... By…
And Moses, by the commandment of the Lord,.... By his power, permission, and leave, as Jarchi, that there might be no delay through his means:
sent them from the wilderness of Paran; from Rithmah or Kadeshbarnea, which seem to be one and the same place in that wilderness: this, as before observed, was on the twenty ninth day of Sivan: See Gill on Num 13:1,
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all those were heads of the children of Israel; were not mean and vulgar men, but persons of rule, who bore some office of magistracy ant government among the people in their respective tribes.
John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
John Wesley 1765 · Public Domain On vv8, 11, 16 Oshea - Called also Joshua, ver. 16.
Oshea - Called also Joshua, ver. 16.
John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible (1754–1765) — public domain. Text via the GEBible commentary corpus.
Adam Clarke 1810 · Public Domain On vv13, 16 Verse 13. Sethur, the son of Michael.] It would…
Verse 13. Sethur, the son of Michael.] It would have been strange had the numerous searches after the explanation of the mystical number 666, Re 13:18; Re 17:5, met with nothing to their purpose in the name of this son of Michael. סתור Sethur, from סתר sathar, to hide or conceal, signifies hidden or mysterious, and includes in it the numerical letters of the No. 666: ס60, + ת400, + ו6, + ר200, = 666. But of what utility can such expositions be to any subject of history or theology?
Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
Joseph Benson 1811 · Public Domain On vv8, 11, 16 Num 13:8. Oshea — Called also Joshua, Num 13:16.
Num 13:8. Oshea — Called also Joshua, Num 13:16.
Joseph Benson's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Albert Barnes 1834 · Public Domain On v16 Oshea, Hoshea, or Hosea, the name also of the…
Oshea, Hoshea, or Hosea, the name also of the last king of Israel and the first minor prophet, means “deliverance” or and by the hand of him who bore the title of “God’s salvation.” Jehoshua was contracted (compare Neh 8:17) into Jeshua.
Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible (1834–1885) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary 1859 · Public Domain On vv3, 6, 12, 14 Rulers of a hundred men, according to Hiscuni, inferior…
Rulers of a hundred men, according to Hiscuni, inferior to those mentioned, chap. x. 14. (Calmet)
George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown 1871 · Public Domain On vv3, 16 those men were heads of the children of Israel--Not…
those men were heads of the children of Israel--Not the princes who are named (Num 10:14-16, Num 10:18-20, Num 10:22-27), but chiefs, leading men though not of the first rank.
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
Daniel D. Whedon 1874 · Public Domain On v16 16. Oshea — Hebrew, help, is changed into Jehoshua…
16. Oshea — Hebrew, help, is changed into Jehoshua or Joshua, Hebrew, Jehovah-help. See Introduction to Joshua, page 7. It was an occasional custom for Hebrews to change their names if, at any point in their lives, there was a radical change of character or a marked transition from obscurity to distinction. Gen_17:5; Gen_32:28. It is to be noted that the exact time when Moses made this change is not indicated here. The change may have been previously made, while attention is called to it here. He is called Joshua in Exo_17:9; Exo_17:13; Exo_24:13; Exo_32:17; Exo_33:11; Num_11:28.
Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges 1878 · Public Domain On vv6, 16 6. Caleb the son of Jephunneh] See note on…
6. Caleb the son of Jephunneh] See note on Num_14:24.
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers 1878 · Public Domain On vv3, 6, 8, 16 (3) And Moses, by the commandment of the Lord,…
(3) And Moses, by the commandment of the Lord, sent them, &c.—Better, And Moses sent them, from the wilderness of Paran, according to the command (literally, the mouth) of the Lord, i.e., as appears from Deu_1:19. from Kadesh-barnea.
A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Pulpit Commentary 1880 · Public Domain On vv3, 4, 6, 8, 11, 16 HOMILIES BY E.S. PROUT Vers. 3, 4. The sin…
HOMILIES BY E.S. PROUT Vers. 3, 4. The sin and shame of apostasy.
The sin of the Israelites at this time is almost incredible. Their rash words (verse 3) prompt to reckless resolutions (verse 4), which, if not actually carried out, are laid to their charge. (Neh_9:17) Their crime includes the following sins:
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1. Criminal forgetfulness, as though the bondage of Egypt were better than warfare under "Jehovah Nissi". (Exo_17:15)
2. Gross ingratitude. They imply that God has spared them and cared for them thus far in order to destroy them at last.
3. Shameful distrust, notwithstanding all the promises God has given, and the "signs" of his faithfulness he has shown (verse 11).
4. Obstinate disobedience a stubborn disregard of the word and will of their God.
5. Utter madness. In returning to Egypt they must part company with Moses their leader and Aaron their priest. They must abandon the ark and the altar. They could not expect the manna to feed them or the cloud to guide them. And if they ever reached Egypt, what a reception.would meet them there! All these sins are seen in a still more glaring form in the shameful crime of apostasy from Christ. Such a "drawing" back to perdition implies a previous coming near to Christ, and an enjoyment of blessings analogous to the covenanted blessings of ancient Israel. (Exo_19:3-6 Exo_24:4-8)
In apostasy we see
1. Criminal forgetfulness of the bondage of evil habits, the burden of an uneasy conscience, the yearnings of unsatisfied desire, and all the other evils from which we looked to Christ to deliver us. How can it be "better to return" to these?
2. Gross ingratitude to God for all the blessing"s enjoyed during the Christian pilgrimage so far; as though such a God could fail or forsake us, and not "perfect that which concerneth us," as all his previous blessings are a pledge that he will do. (Psa_138:8 Rom_8:32)
3. Shameful distrust. "An evil heart of unbelief" is generally the primary cause of departing from God. (Heb_3:12) Distrust makes us weak against temptations even of the grossest kind. We may lose courage amid foes or temptations which, but for shameful want of confidence in God, would have little power to alarm and divert us from the path of duty. (cf. Psa_27:1-3 Psa_118:6-12, and, in contrast, 1Sa_27:1)
4. Obstinate disobedience. For we are "under law to Christ;" and "his will is our sanctification," our perseverance, our conflict and victory till we reach the heavenly Canaan. (1Th_4:3 1Ti_6:11-14 Heb_3:14 Heb_6:12)
5. Utter madness; for to "draw back" is to forfeit the fellowship of Christ"s Church, the tokens of his favour, his promises, his consolations, and the good-will of God. To succeed is perdition. P. (Heb_10:26-39)
The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
C. I. Scofield 1917 · Public Domain On v16 i.e. Saviour, or Deliverer.
Jehoshua
i.e. Saviour, or Deliverer.
The Scofield Reference Bible (1917 edition), notes by C. I. Scofield — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
unfoldingWord translationNotes 2017 · CC BY-SA 4.0 On vv3, 5, 9, 13 Shammua son of Zaccur
Shammua son of Zaccur
These are men's names. (See: How to Translate Names)
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translationWords
desert
Paran
obey
command
Reuben
son
unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.