Commandments · Positive commandments

The person with tzaraat shall make himself known by wearing torn clothes and calling out 'unclean'

#225 Positive commandment Leviticus 13:45

The cited verse

The Hebrew (Masoretic Text)

וְהַצָּרוּעַ אֲשֶׁר־בּוֹ הַנֶּגַע בְּגָדָיו יִהְיוּ פְרֻמִים וְרֹאשׁוֹ יִהְיֶה פָרוּעַ וְעַל־שָׂפָם יַעְטֶה וְטָמֵא טָמֵא יִקְרָא

Literary form: a ritual instruction

Applicability

How the catalog describes where and when this commandment applies. These are independent descriptions, not a verdict on which laws still count.

No applicability flags are recorded for this commandment.

Classical halakhic consequences

The consequences the classical halakhah attaches to this commandment, grouped by who imposes them. Where a category has none recorded, that absence is itself meaningful.

Imposed by a court

No court-imposed penalty is recorded.

At the hands of Heaven

No divinely-imposed consequence is recorded.

Ritual remedy

No ritual remedy is recorded.

How the streams of Judaism treat this commandment

The streams of Judaism read the same commandment differently — an ongoing plurality, not a ranking. Each position below is reported as the catalog records it; none is presented as the correct one.

  • Orthodox Inoperative pending the Temple
  • Conservative Not binding
  • Reform Not binding
  • Reconstructionist Not binding
  • Karaite Not binding

24 of 613 commandments have been examined in depth so far — this one is queued.

How later traditions received this commandment

How later traditions read or reworked this commandment, each attributed to its own voice. The catalog’s own classification of each reception is shown as it records it, never adopted as GEBible’s.

Qumran (the Dead Sea Scrolls)

  • 4QMMT (4Q396-397); 11QTemple (11Q19) XLV-XLVIII read it more strictly

Rabbinic aggadah

  • Vayikra Rabbah 16:1-6 expanded it homiletically
  • b. Arakhin 15b-16a expanded it homiletically

Josephus

  • Ant. 3.264 rationalized it
  • Ag. Ap. 1.229-250 (with 1.279-286) The catalog describes this reception as: apologetic rebuttal Josephus rebuts Manetho's claim that Israel originated as expelled lepers; the passage concerns anti-Jewish polemic rather than reception of the Levitical purity law itself

The New Testament

  • Mark 1:40-45 reinterpreted it Jesus heals a man with ṣāraʿat and directs him to the priest per Lev 14, presupposing the diagnostic-exclusion framework while dramatizing its reversal
  • Luke 17:11-19 reinterpreted it ten men with ṣāraʿat stand 'at a distance,' enacting the spatial exclusion of Lev 13:45-46

The Church Fathers

  • Origen, Homiliae in Leviticum 8 read it allegorically

Beside the older legal codes of its world

The commandment set beside the ancient Near-Eastern legal collections scholars compare it to — a descriptive comparison, not a claim of dependence.

  • middle assyrian laws Middle Assyrian law prescribes mandatory public body-covering (veiling) or its prohibition as a visible status-marker distinguishing social categories of women in public space, paralleling the structural logic of the meṣora's obligatory mourning display as a status-marking visible to the community Relationship to the parallel: shared theme Tablet A §40 Roth, Law Collections from Mesopotamia and Asia Minor, 2nd ed. (Scholars Press, 1997)

Where this commandment meets modern human-rights frameworks

One modern normative lens, attributed to it — not GEBible’s assessment. Each row names the framework it measures against and the catalog’s own classification of the relation.

This framework catalogues tensions; it records agreement in only one of its entries. The near-total tension rate is the shape of the instrument, not a finding.

  • Article 17

    This framework classifies the relation as a substantive tension.

    The commandment requires a person with a skin condition to publicly announce their diagnostic status and wear stigmatizing mourning dress — a compelled disclosure of medical information that conflicts with ICCPR Article 17's protection against arbitrary interference with privacy, which extends to personal health information under contemporary human-rights interpretation.

  • general principle

    This framework classifies the relation as a substantive tension.

    The prescribed costume of torn garments, disheveled hair, covered lip, and the verbal cry 'Impure! Impure!' constitutes a state-mandated performance of stigmatized bodily status; modern bodily-autonomy norms protect individuals against compelled public self-presentation that marks their bodies as sources of social danger.

Source & licence

The commentary, cross-references, reception, and modern-conflict analysis in this section are drawn from a public compilation of the 613 commandments, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. The cited biblical text is rendered from GEBible’s own public-domain reading corpus. CC BY-SA 4.0 (opens in a new tab). GEBible’s presentation of this material is offered under the same CC BY-SA 4.0 terms.